<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Try it

Two thousand students took an exam. The scores on the exam have an approximate normal distribution with a mean μ = 81 points and standard deviation σ = 15 points.

  1. Calculate the first- and third-quartile scores for this exam.
  2. The middle 50% of the exam scores are between what two values?
  1. Q 1 = 25 th percentile = 70.9
    Q 3 = 75 th percentile = 91.9
  2. The middle 50% of the scores are between 70.9 and 91.1.

A citrus farmer who grows mandarin oranges finds that the diameters of mandarin oranges harvested on his farm follow a normal distribution with a mean diameter of 5.85 cm and a standard deviation of 0.24 cm.

a. Find the probability that a randomly selected mandarin orange from this farm has a diameter larger than 6.0 cm. Sketch the graph.

a. 0.2660

This is a normal distribution curve. The peak of the curve coincides with the point 2 on the horizontal axis. The values 1.8 and 2.75 are also labeled on the x-axis. Vertical lines extend from 1.8 and 2.75 to the curve. The area between the lines is shaded.

b. The middle 20% of mandarin oranges from this farm have diameters between ______ and ______.

b.

  • 1 – 0.20 = 0.80
  • The tails of the graph of the normal distribution each have an area of 0.40.
  • Find k1 , the 40 th percentile, and k2 , the 60 th percentile (0.40 + 0.20 = 0.60).
  • k1 = 5.79 cm
  • k2 = 5.91 cm

c. Find the 90 th percentile for the diameters of mandarin oranges, and interpret it in a complete sentence.

c. 6.16: Ninety percent of the diameter of the mandarin oranges is at most 6.15 cm.

Try it

Using the information from [link] , answer the following:

  1. The middle 45% of mandarin oranges from this farm are between ______ and ______.
  2. Find the 16 th percentile and interpret it in a complete sentence.
  1. The middle area = 0.40, so each tail has an area of 0.30.

    1 – 0.40 = 0.60

    The tails of the graph of the normal distribution each have an area of 0.30.

    Find k1 , the 30 th percentile and k2 , the 70 th percentile (0.40 + 0.30 = 0.70).

    k1 = 5.72 cm

    k2 = 5.98 cm

  2. 0.9998

References

“Naegele’s rule.” Wikipedia. Available online at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naegele's_rule (accessed May 14, 2013).

“403: NUMMI.” Chicago Public Media&Ira Glass, 2013. Available online at http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/403/nummi (accessed May 14, 2013).

“Scratch-Off Lottery Ticket Playing Tips.” WinAtTheLottery.com, 2013. Available online at http://www.winatthelottery.com/public/department40.cfm (accessed May 14, 2013).

“Smart Phone Users, By The Numbers.” Visual.ly, 2013. Available online at http://visual.ly/smart-phone-users-numbers (accessed May 14, 2013).

“Facebook Statistics.” Statistics Brain. Available online at http://www.statisticbrain.com/facebook-statistics/(accessed May 14, 2013).

Chapter review

The normal distribution, which is continuous, is the most important of all the probability distributions. Its graph is bell-shaped. This bell-shaped curve is used in almost all disciplines. Since it is a continuous distribution, the total area under the curve is one. The parameters of the normal are the mean µ and the standard deviation σ . A special normal distribution, called the standard normal distribution is the distribution of z -scores. Its mean is zero, and its standard deviation is one.

Formula review

Normal Distribution: X ~ N ( µ , σ ) where µ is the mean and σ is the standard deviation.

Standard Normal Distribution: Z ~ N (0, 1).

Practice

How would you represent the area to the left of one in a probability statement?

P ( x <1)

What is the area to the right of one?

Is P ( x <1) equal to P ( x ≤ 1)? Why?

Yes, because they are the same in a continuous distribution: P ( x = 1) = 0

How would you represent the area to the left of three in a probability statement?

What is the area to the right of three?

1 – P ( x <3) or P ( x >3)

If the area to the left of x in a normal distribution is 0.123, what is the area to the right of x ?

If the area to the right of x in a normal distribution is 0.543, what is the area to the left of x ?

1 – 0.543 = 0.457

Use the following information to answer the next four exercises:

X ~ N (54, 8)

Find the probability that x >56.

Find the probability that x <30.

0.0013

Find the 80 th percentile.

Find the 60 th percentile.

56.03

X ~ N (6, 2)

Find the probability that x is between three and nine.

X ~ N (–3, 4)

Find the probability that x is between one and four.

0.1186

X ~ N (4, 5)

Find the maximum of x in the bottom quartile.

Use the following information to answer the next three exercise: The life of Sunshine CD players is normally distributed with a mean of 4.1 years and a standard deviation of 1.3 years. A CD player is guaranteed for three years. We are interested in the length of time a CD player lasts. Find the probability that a CD player will break down during the guarantee period.

  1. Sketch the situation. Label and scale the axes. Shade the region corresponding to the probability.
    Empty normal distribution curve.
  2. P (0< x <____________) = ___________ (Use zero for the minimum value of x .)
  1. Check student’s solution.
  2. 3, 0.1979

Find the probability that a CD player will last between 2.8 and six years.

  1. Sketch the situation. Label and scale the axes. Shade the region corresponding to the probability.
    Empty normal distribution curve.
  2. P (__________< x <__________) = __________

Find the 70 th percentile of the distribution for the time a CD player lasts.

  1. Sketch the situation. Label and scale the axes. Shade the region corresponding to the lower 70%.
    Empty normal distribution curve.
  2. P ( x < k ) = __________ Therefore, k = _________
  1. Check student’s solution.
  2. 0.70, 4.78 years

Questions & Answers

what is microbiology
Agebe Reply
What is a cell
Odelana Reply
what is cell
Mohammed
how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Statistics i - math1020 - red river college - version 2015 revision a - draft 2015-10-24. OpenStax CNX. Oct 24, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11891/1.8
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Statistics i - math1020 - red river college - version 2015 revision a - draft 2015-10-24' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask