CHARACTERISTICS:
- whitish or charred appearance
TREATMENT:
- Do not remove any clothing near or at the site of the burn
- Do not apply cold water or medication to the burn.
- Place clean, dry cloths (i.e. strips of a clean sheet) over the
damaged area.
- If burns are on arms or legs, keep the limbs elevated above the level of
the heart.
- If victim has burns on face, check frequently to make sure he is not
having difficulty breathing.
- Get victim to a hospital at once.
Chemical Burns:
- Remove clothing on or near the burn area. Never pull clothing over the
head with a chemical burn. You may need to cut the clothing.
- Wash the area thoroughly with low pressure water for at least 20
minutes.
- Apply a clean dressing to the area.
- Get medical attention as soon as possible.
Cuts and abrasions
CUTS:
- Cleanse area thoroughly with soap and warm water, carefully washingaway any dirt.
- Apply direct pressure to wound until bleeding stops.
- Put sterile bandage on wound.
- If cut is deep, get to a doctor as quickly as possible.
ABRASIONS (SCRATCHES):
- Wash thoroughly with soap and warm water.
- If it bleeds or oozes, bandage it to protect it from infection.
SIGNS OF A INFECTED WOUND:
- swelling
- redness
- pain
- may cause fever
- presence of pus
Dislocations
The most common dislocations occur in the shoulder,
elbow, finger, or thumb.
LOOK FOR THESE SIGNS:
- swelling
- deformed look
- pain and tenderness
- possible discoloration of the affected area
IF A DISLOCATION IS SUSPECTED...
- Apply a splint to the joint to keep it from moving.
- Try to keep joint elevated to slow bloodflow to the area
- A doctor should be contacted to have the bone set back into its socket.
Fractures
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Nosebleeds
CAUSES:
- nose injury
- strenuous activity
- high blood pressure
- exposure to high altitudes
- blowing your nose too hard
WHAT TO DO IF A CHILD GETS A NOSEBLEED :
- have him/her down
- Lean slightly forward to prevent blood from running into the throat.
- Place cold, wet cloths on your nose to constrict the blood vessels in
the nose and stop the bleeding.
- If blood is coming from only one nostril, press firmly at the top of
that nostril.
- If both nostrils are bleeding, pinch nostrils together for at leat 10
minutes.
- If bleeing continues, apply pressure for another 10 minutes.
- If the bleeding is the result of direct injury to the nose, only gentle
pressure should be applied.
- If heavy bleeding persists or if nosebleeds recur frequently,
consult a physician.
Poisoning from plants and chemicals
From Plants
POISON IVY, POISON OAK, AND POISON SUMAC
Make certain that the irritation is from a plant rather
than an animal or fire. Please ask the child questions!
SIGNS:
- rash
- blistering
- swelling
- burning
- itching
TREATMENT:
- Remove any contaminated clothing.
- Wash the affected area of skin thoroughly with soap and cool water to
remove any poisonous residue. Be sure the water used to clean the areadoes not spread poison by running over other parts of your body. Using a
washcloth could also spread the poison.
- Rinse the area with rubbing alcohol.
- Apply calamine lotion to the area to relieve itching and burning.
- If the victim develops a fever for several days or experiences an
excessive amount of inflammation, irritation, oozing, or itching,he/she should be treated by a doctor.
