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Determine Whether an Ordered Pair is a Solution of a System of Linear Inequalities

In the following exercises, determine whether each ordered pair is a solution to the system.

{ 3 x + y > 5 2 x y 10

( 3 , −3 ) ( 7 , 1 )

true false

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{ 4 x y < 10 −2 x + 2 y > −8

( 5 , −2 ) ( −1 , 3 )

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{ y > 2 3 x 5 x + 1 2 y 4

( 6 , −4 ) ( 3 , 0 )

false true

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{ y < 3 2 x + 3 3 4 x 2 y < 5

( −4 , −1 ) ( 8 , 3 )

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{ 7 x + 2 y > 14 5 x y 8

( 2 , 3 ) ( 7 , −1 )

true false

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{ 6 x 5 y < 20 −2 x + 7 y > −8

( 1 , −3 ) ( −4 , 4 )

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{ 2 x + 3 y 2 4 x 6 y < −1

( 3 2 , 4 3 ) ( 1 4 , 7 6 )

true true

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{ 5 x 3 y < −2 10 x + 6 y > 4

( 1 5 , 2 3 ) ( 3 10 , 7 6 )

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Solve a System of Linear Inequalities by Graphing

In the following exercises, solve each system by graphing.

{ y 3 x + 2 y > x 1

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is less than or equal to 3x + 2 and y is greater than x – 1. The area to the left or right of each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. Both lines are dotted.

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{ y < −2 x + 2 y x 1

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{ y < 2 x 1 y 1 2 x + 4

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is less than 2x - 1 and y is less than or equal to -(1/2)x + 4. The area to the left or below each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. One line is dotted.

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{ y 2 3 x + 2 y > 2 x 3

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{ x y > 1 y < 1 4 x + 3

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of x – y is greater than 1 and y is less than –(1/4)x + 3. The area to the right or below each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. Both lines are dotted.

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{ x + 2 y < 4 y < x 2

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{ 3 x y 6 y 1 2 x

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 3x – y is less than or equal to 6 and y is greater than or equal to –(1/2)x. The area to the right or above each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color.

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{ 2 x + 4 y 8 y 3 4 x

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{ 2 x 5 y < 10 3 x + 4 y 12

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 2x – 5y is less than 10 and 3x +4y is greater than or equal to 12. The area to the right above each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. One line is dotted.

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{ 3 x 2 y 6 −4 x 2 y > 8

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{ 2 x + 2 y > −4 x + 3 y 9

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 2x + 2y is greater than -4 and –x + 3y is greater than or equal to 9. The area to the right or above each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. One line is dotted.

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{ 2 x + y > −6 x + 2 y −4

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{ x 3 y > 4 y 1

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{ y 1 2 x 3 x 2

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is greater than or equal to (-1/2)x - 3 and x is less than or equal to 2. The area to the left or right of each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color.

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{ y 2 3 x + 5 x 3

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{ y 3 4 x 2 y < 2

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is greater than or equal to (3/4)x - 2 and y is less than 2. The area to the left or below each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color. One line is dotted.

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{ y 1 2 x + 3 y < 1

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{ −3 x + 5 y > 10 x > −1

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{ 2 x + 4 y > 4 y 1 2 x 2

No solution
This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 2x + 4y is greater than 4 and y is less than or equal to (-1/2)x - 2. The area to the left or right of each line is shaded different colors. There is no area where the shaded areas overlap. One line is dotted.

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{ x 3 y 6 y > 1 3 x + 1

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{ −2 x + 6 y < 0 6 y > 2 x + 4

No solution
This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of -2x + 6y is less than 0 and 6y is greater than 2x + 4. The area to the left or right of each line is shaded different colors. There is no area where the shaded areas overlap. Both lines are dotted.

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{ −3 x + 6 y > 12 4 y 2 x 4

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{ y −3 x + 2 3 x + y > 5

This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is greater than or equal to -3x + 2 and 3x + y is greater than 5. The area to the right of each line is shaded different colors. One line is within the shaded area of the other. One line is dotted.

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{ y 1 2 x 1 −2 x + 4 y 4

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{ y 1 4 x 2 x + 4 y < 6

x + 4 y < 6
This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of y is less than or equal to (negative 1/4)x – 2 and x + 4y is less than 6. The area below each line is shaded different colors. One line is within the shaded area of the other. One line is dotted.

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{ y 3 x 1 −3 x + y > −4

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{ 3 y > x + 2 −2 x + 6 y > 8

−2 x + 6 y > 8
This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 3y is greater than x + 2 and -2x + 6y is greater than 8. The area above each line is shaded different colors. One line is within the shaded area of the other. Both lines are dotted.

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{ y < 3 4 x 2 −3 x + 4 y < 7

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Solve Applications of Systems of Inequalities

In the following exercises, translate to a system of inequalities and solve.

Caitlyn sells her drawings at the county fair. She wants to sell at least 60 drawings and has portraits and landscapes. She sells the portraits for $15 and the landscapes for $10. She needs to sell at least $800 worth of drawings in order to earn a profit.

Write a system of inequalities to model this situation.
Graph the system.
Will she make a profit if she sells 20 portraits and 35 landscapes?
Will she make a profit if she sells 50 portraits and 20 landscapes?

  1. { p + l 60 15 p + 10 l 800

  2. This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of p + l is greater than or equal to 60 and 15p + 10l is greater than or equal to 800. The area to the left of each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color.
  3. No
  4. Yes
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Jake does not want to spend more than $50 on bags of fertilizer and peat moss for his garden. Fertilizer costs $2 a bag and peat moss costs $5 a bag. Jake’s van can hold at most 20 bags.

Write a system of inequalities to model this situation.
Graph the system.
Can he buy 15 bags of fertilizer and 4 bags of peat moss?
Can he buy 10 bags of fertilizer and 10 bags of peat moss?

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Reiko needs to mail her Christmas cards and packages and wants to keep her mailing costs to no more than $500. The number of cards is at least 4 more than twice the number of packages. The cost of mailing a card (with pictures enclosed) is $3 and for a package the cost is $7.

Write a system of inequalities to model this situation.
Graph the system.
Can she mail 60 cards and 26 packages?
Can she mail 90 cards and 40 packages?

  1. { 7 p + 3 c 500 p 2 c + 4

  2. This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 7p + 3c is less than or equal to 500 and p is greater than or equal to 2c + 4. The area to the left or below each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color.
  3. Yes
  4. No
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Juan is studying for his final exams in Chemistry and Algebra. He knows he only has 24 hours to study, and it will take him at least three times as long to study for Algebra than Chemistry.

Write a system of inequalities to model this situation.
Graph the system.
Can he spend 4 hours on Chemistry and 20 hours on Algebra?
Can he spend 6 hours on Chemistry and 18 hours on Algebra?

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Jocelyn is pregnant and needs to eat at least 500 more calories a day than usual. When buying groceries one day with a budget of $15 for the extra food, she buys bananas that have 90 calories each and chocolate granola bars that have 150 calories each. The bananas cost $0.35 each and the granola bars cost $2.50 each.

Write a system of inequalities to model this situation.
Graph the system.
Could she buy 5 bananas and 6 granola bars?
Could she buy 3 bananas and 4 granola bars?

  1. { 90 b + 150 g 500 0.35 b + 2.50 g 15

  2. This figure shows a graph on an x y-coordinate plane of 90b + 150g is greater than or equal to 500 and 0.35b + 2.50g is less than or equal to 15. The area to the right or below each line is shaded different colors with the overlapping area also shaded a different color.
  3. No
  4. Yes
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Practice Key Terms 1

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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. Jan 18, 2017 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col12116/1.2
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