• Card 24 / 41: Consider a garden hose (3/4 inch internal diameter) through which water is flowing at a rate of 1 gallon/minute. At the end of the hose is a 1/8" diameter nozzle. Which of the following most closely matches the magnitude of the rate of change in momentum of the water through the nozzle?
    A) 0.5 N
    B) 9 N
    C) 8.5 N
    D) 9.5 N

    Answer:
    A) 0.5 N

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Explanation:

Calculate the velocities by assuming incompressible flow and conservation of mass. v1 =0.22 m/s; v2 = 7.95 m/s. Mass flow rate = 6.3 x10-2 kg/s. Rate of change in momentum = 6.3 x10-2 kg/s x 7.7 m/s = 0.5 N. As you might imagine, such calculations are interesting for some firefighting applications.

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Fluid Mechanics ME201

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Attribution:  Stephanie Redfern and Tuan Dinh. Fluid Mechanics. The Saylor Academy 2014, http://www.saylor.org/courses/me201/
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