1.1 What is psychology? Read Online
1.2 History of psychology Read Online
Clive Wearing is an accomplished musician who lost his ability to form new memories when he became sick at the age of 46. While he can remember how to play the piano perfectly, he cannot remember what he ate for breakfast just an hour ago (Sacks, 2007). James Wannerton experiences a taste sensation that is associated with the sound of words. His former girlfriend’s name tastes like rhubarb (Mundasad, 2013). John Nash is a brilliant mathematician and Nobel Prize winner. However, while he was a professor at MIT, he would tell people that the New York Times contained coded messages from extraterrestrial beings that were intended for him. He also began to hear voices and became suspicious of the people around him. Soon thereafter, Nash was diagnosed with schizophrenia and admitted to a state-run mental institution (O’Connor&Robertson, 2002). Nash was the subject of the 2001 movie A Beautiful Mind . Why did these people have these experiences? How does the human brain work? And what is the connection between the brain’s internal processes and people’s external behaviors? This textbook will introduce you to various ways that the field of psychology has explored these questions.
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Betancourt, H.,&López, S. R. (1993). The study of culture, ethnicity, and race in American psychology. American Psychologist , 48 , 629–637.
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Download MCQ Flashcards PDF eBook
Question: objective:
Choices:
this position states that even though we can only know reality through our own unique subjective interpretation of it, objective reality is still out there and it is important. The objective world affects us regardless of our interpretation of it. This position is sometimes labeled empiricism.
Question: Empiricism:
Choices:
we can best know reality by experiencing it with our senses, and by experiencing what is real. empiricism influenced the importance of data collection in scientific methods.
Question: Rationalism:
Choices:
we can know reality by thinking about it rationally & by using our logical thinking abilities. rationalism influenced the importance of theory in scientific methods.
Question: Causality:
Choices:
that is events are caused by other events
Question: The 2 philosophical positions on: "How can we best come to know reality?"
Choices:
1. rationalism 2. empiricism
Question: Science makes several assumptions about the world. These include:
Choices:
1. there is an objective reality 2.it is important to understand & predict objective reality 3. that events are caused by other events
Question: Philosophers 2 questions that are asked:
Choices:
1. What is the nature of reality? 2. How can we best come to know reality?
Question: The 2 philosophical positions for: "what is the nature of reality?"
Choices:
1. the nature of reality is subjective 2. the nature of reality is objective
Question: Parsimony:
Choices:
this is one method or principle of science that relates to the relationship between data and theories. ***If more than one theory explains the data, the most simple or parsimonious theory is chosen.***
Question: Subjective:
Choices:
this position states that since we always interpret our raw perceptions of reality through our subjective experience, the subjective nature of reality is what is most important. This position is sometimes labeled phenomenology.
Question: _______ & ________ go hand in hand
Choices:
data collection & theories
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