5.2 Conductors, insulators, and charging by induction  (Page 4/10)

Yes, polarization charge is induced on the conductor so that the positive charge is nearest the charged rod, causing an attractive force.

Charging by conduction is charging by contact where charge is transferred to the object. Charging by induction first involves producing a polarization charge in the object and then connecting a wire to ground to allow some of the charge to leave the object, leaving the object charged.

This is so that any excess charge is transferred to the ground, keeping the gasoline receptacles neutral. If there is excess charge on the gasoline receptacle, a spark could ignite it.

The dryer charges the clothes. If they are damp, the presence of water molecules suppresses the charge.

There are only two types of charge, attractive and repulsive. If you bring a charged object near the quartz, only one of these two effects will happen, proving there is not a third kind of charge.

a. No, since a polarization charge is induced. b. Yes, since the polarization charge would produce only an attractive force.

$5.00\times {10}^{\mathrm{-9}}\text{C}(6.242\times {10}^{18}\text{e}\text{/}\text{C})=3.121\times {10}^{19}\text{e}$ ;
$3.121\times {10}^{19}\text{e}\text{+}1.0000\times {10}^{12}\text{e}=3.1210001\times {10}^{19}\text{e}$

atomic mass of copper atom times $1\text{u}=1.055\times {10}^{\mathrm{-25}}\text{kg}$ ;
number of copper atoms $=4.739\times {10}^{23}\text{atoms}$ ;
number of electrons equals 29 times number of atoms or $1.374\times {10}^{25}\text{electrons}$ ; $\frac{2.00\times {10}^{\mathrm{-6}}\text{C}(6.242\times {10}^{18}\text{e}\text{/}\text{C})}{1.374\times {10}^{25}\text{e}}=9.083\times {10}^{\mathrm{-13}}\text{or}9.083\times {10}^{\mathrm{-11}}\text{\%}$

$244.00\text{u}(1.66\times {10}^{\mathrm{-27}}\text{kg}\text{/}\text{u})=4.050\times {10}^{\mathrm{-25}}\text{kg}$ ;
$\frac{4.00\text{kg}}{4.050\times {10}^{\mathrm{-25}}\text{kg}}=9.877\times {10}^{24}\text{atoms}9.877\times {10}^{24}(94)=9.284\times {10}^{26}\text{protons}$ ;
$9.284\times {10}^{26}(1.602\times {10}^{\mathrm{-19}}\text{C}\text{/}\text{p})=1.487\times {10}^8\text{C}$