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0.3 Fundamental constants

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Note: These constants are the values recommended in 2006 by CODATA, based on a least-squares adjustment of data from different measurements. The numbers in parentheses for the values represent the uncertainties of the last two digits.
Fundamental constants
Quantity Symbol Value
Atomic mass unit u 1.660 538 782 ( 83 ) × 10 −27 kg 931.494 028 ( 23 ) MeV/ c 2
Avogadro’s number N A 6.022 141 79 ( 30 ) × 10 23 particles/mol
Bohr magneton μ B = e ℏ 2 m e 9.274 009 15 ( 23 ) × 10 −24 J/T
Bohr radius a 0 = ℏ 2 m e e 2 k e 5.291 772 085 9 ( 36 ) × 10 −11 m
Boltzmann’s constant k B = R N A 1.380 650 4 ( 24 ) × 10 −23 J/K
Compton wavelength λ C = h m e c 2.426 310 217 5 ( 33 ) × 10 −12 m
Coulomb constant k e = 1 4 π ε 0 8.987 551 788... × 10 9 N · m 2 /C 2 ( exact )
Deuteron mass m d 3.343 583 20 ( 17 ) × 10 −27 kg 2.013 553 212 724 ( 78 ) u 1875.612 859 MeV/ c 2
Electron mass m e 9.109 382 15 ( 45 ) × 10 −31 kg 5.485 799 094 3 ( 23 ) × 10 −4 u 0.510 998 910 ( 13 ) MeV/ c 2
Electron volt eV 1.602 176 487 ( 40 ) × 10 −19 J
Elementary charge e 1.602 176 487 ( 40 ) × 10 −19 C
Gas constant R 8.314 472 ( 15 ) J/mol · K
Gravitational constant G 6.674 28 ( 67 ) × 10 −11 N · m 2 /kg 2
Neutron mass m n 1.674 927 211 ( 84 ) × 10 −27 kg 1.008 664 915 97 ( 43 ) u 939.565 346 ( 23 ) MeV/ c 2
Nuclear magneton μ n = e ℏ 2 m p 5.050 783 24 ( 13 ) × 10 −27 J/T
Permeability of free space μ 0 4 π × 10 −7 T · m/A ( exact )
Permittivity of free space ε 0 = 1 μ 0 c 2 8.854 187 817... × 10 −12 C 2 / N · m 2 ( exact )
Planck’s constant h
ℏ = h 2 π 		6.626 068 96 ( 33 ) × 10 −34 J · s 1.054 571 628 ( 53 ) × 10 −34 J · s
Proton mass m p 1.672 621 637 ( 83 ) × 10 −27 kg 1.007 276 466 77 ( 10 ) u 938.272 013 ( 23 ) MeV/ c 2
Rydberg constant R H 1.097 373 156 852 7 ( 73 ) × 10 7 m −1
Speed of light in vacuum c 2.997 924 58 × 10 8 m/s ( exact )

Useful combinations of constants for calculations:

h c = 12,400 eV · Å = 1240 eV · nm = 1240 MeV · fm

ℏ c = 1973 eV · Å = 197.3 eV · nm = 197.3 MeV · fm

k e e 2 = 14.40 eV · Å = 1.440 eV · nm = 1.440 MeV · fm

k B T = 0.02585 eV at T = 300 K

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
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John Reply
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Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
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David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
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emma Reply
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what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
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Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
Krampah Reply
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
Sahid Reply
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
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Maurice Reply
what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
Magreth
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Mohammed
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Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, University physics volume 1. OpenStax CNX. Sep 19, 2016 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col12031/1.5
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