11.9 Pressures in the body  (Page 5/11)

During forced exhalation, such as when blowing up a balloon, the diaphragm and chest muscles create a pressure of 60.0 mm Hg between the lungs and chest wall. What force in newtons does this pressure create on the $\text{600}{\text{cm}}^2$ surface area of the diaphragm?

You can chew through very tough objects with your incisors because they exert a large force on the small area of a pointed tooth. What pressure in pascals can you create by exerting a force of $\text{500 N}$ with your tooth on an area of $1.00{\text{mm}}^2$ ?

One way to force air into an unconscious person’s lungs is to squeeze on a balloon appropriately connected to the subject. What force must you exert on the balloon with your hands to create a gauge pressure of 4.00 cm water, assuming you squeeze on an effective area of $\text{50}\text{.}0{\text{cm}}^2$ ?

Heroes in movies hide beneath water and breathe through a hollow reed (villains never catch on to this trick). In practice, you cannot inhale in this manner if your lungs are more than 60.0 cm below the surface. What is the maximum negative gauge pressure you can create in your lungs on dry land, assuming you can achieve $-\mathrm{3.00\; cm}$ water pressure with your lungs 60.0 cm below the surface?

Gauge pressure in the fluid surrounding an infant’s brain may rise as high as 85.0 mm Hg (5 to 12 mm Hg is normal), creating an outward force large enough to make the skull grow abnormally large. (a) Calculate this outward force in newtons on each side of an infant’s skull if the effective area of each side is $\text{70}\text{.}0{\text{cm}}^2$ . (b) What is the net force acting on the skull?