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Inleiding

Meetkunde (Grieks: geo = aarde, metria = meet) het ontstaan as die veld van kennis wat ruimtelike verhoudings hanteer. Dit was een van die twee velde van pre-moderne wiskunde. Die ander veld was die studie van getalle. In die moderne tyd het meetkundige begrippe baie kompleks en abstrak geraak en is dit skaars herkenbaar as ʼn uitvloeisel van vroeë meetkunde.

Werk in pare of groepe en bestudeer die geskiedenis van die onstaan van meetkunde. Beskryf die verskillende stadiums van ontwikkeling en hoe meetkunde later gebruik is deur mense om hul lewens te verbeter. Die lys van stadiums moet dien as ʼn riglyn en hoef slegs die minimum vereistes te beskryf.

  1. Antieke Indiese meetkunde (ong. 3000 - 500 V.C.)
    1. Harappanse meetkunde
    2. Vediese meetkunde
  2. Klassieke Griekse meetkunde (ong. 600 - 300 V.C.)
    1. Thales en Pythagoras
    2. Plato
  3. Hellenistiese meetkunde (ong. 300 V.C - 500 N.C )
    1. Euclides
    2. Archimedes

Vierhoeke

In hierdie afdeling sal ons kyk na die eienskappe van sekere spesiale vierhoeke. Ons sal dan hierdie eienskappe gebruik om meetkundige probleme op te los. Dit is belangrik om daarop te let dat alhoewel al die eienskappe van ʼn figuur gegee word, benodig ons net sekere unieke eienskappe van die vierhoek om te bewys dat dit wel daardie spesifieke vierhoek is. Byvoorbeeld, as ons ʼn vierhoek het met twee pare parallellesye, dan is daardie vierhoek ʼn parallelogram. Ons kan dan die ander eienskappe van die vierhoek aflei deur ons kennis van parallellelyne en driehoeke te gebruik.

Trapesium

ʼn Trapesium is ʼn vierhoek waarvan ten minste een paar teenoorgestelde sye parallel loop. Dit word soms ook ʼn trapesoïed genoem. ʼn Spesiale tipe trapesium is die gelykbenige trapesium , waar een paar teenoorstaande sye parallel is en die ander paar ewe lank is. Die hoeke aan die eindpunte van elke parallelle sy is ewe groot. ʼn Gelykbenige trapesium het een lyn van simmetrie en sy hoeklyne is ewe lank.

Voorbeelde van trapesiums

Parallelogram

ʼn Trapesium met beide pare teenoorstaande sye parallel, word ʼn parallelogram genoem. ʼn Opsomming van die eienskappe van ʼn parallelogram is:

  • Beide pare teenoorstaande sye is parallel.
  • Beide pare teenoorstaande sye is ewe lank.
  • Beide pare teenoorstaande hoeke is ewe groot.
  • Beide hoeklyne/diagonale halveer mekaar (d.w.s. hulle sny mekaar in die helfte)
ʼn Voorbeeld van ʼn parallelogram

Reghoek

ʼn Reghoek is ʼn parallelogram met al vier hoeke ewe groot en gelyk aan 90 . ʼn Opsomming van die eienskappe van ʼn reghoek is:

  • Beide pare teenoorstaande sye is parallel.
  • Beide pare teenoorstaande sye is ewe lank.
  • Die hoeklyne halveer mekaar.
  • Die hoeklyne is ewe lank.
  • Alle hoekpunte is regte hoeke.
Voorbeeld van ʼn reghoek

Rombus / ruit

ʼn Rombus (ruit) is ʼn parallelogram waarvan al vier sye ewe lank is. ʼn Opsomming van die eienskappe van ʼn rombus is:

  • Beide pare teenoorstaande sye is parallel.
  • Al vier sye is ewe lank.
  • Beide pare teenoorstaande hoeke is ewe groot.
  • Die diagonale halveer mekaar met hoeke van 90 .
  • Diagonale halveer die teenoorstaande hoeke.
ʼn Voorbeeld van ʼn ruit, ʼn parallelogram met al vier sye ewe lank

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
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John Reply
what is physics
Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
what is the dimension formula of energy?
David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
what is inorganic
emma Reply
what is chemistry
Youesf Reply
what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
Krampah Reply
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
Sahid Reply
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
what's motion
Maurice Reply
what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
Magreth
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Muhammad Reply
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Mohammed
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Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
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