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We will not always be dealing with transmission lines excited with a pulse. Although this is a good model fordigital circuitry, it will not always apply. When we go to analog signals (rf, high frequency analog, etc.) we will need more toolsthan are available to us at this point. In the not-too-distant-past, the material we will next consider wasstarting to be considered passé. The rf spectrum was more or less filled up, and the watchword was "digital". Now, in the newage of wireless communication, cell phones, and rf Local Area Networks, demand for engineers who understand ac behavior ontransmission lines and who can design systems which work well with rf signals are very much in demand. Pay heed to what we sayhere, and you might well find yourself with many lucrative job offers in the future.
To begin, we want to consider a transmission line which is being excited with an oscillating source . The usual set-up includes a source, with a sinusoidal output, asource impedance a transmission line with impedance , meters long, and a load of impedance at the end.
Let's look at the source first. We can describe the output waveform from the generator as
Since we know from Euler's Identity
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