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Maybe information that is 'subjective' is information that is consciously speculated. Unconsciously you simply get a feel for things, but you can guess about a lot of things verbally - are those guesses instinctual, 'gut' guesses or are they measured assessments? Is anything subjective a measured assessment? Saying 'that coat looks nice on that person' is subjective - the person isn't doing an analysis of who likes the coat on the person and who else thinks it looks good. They think it looks good - they didn't do a study of what type of person thinks it looks good. The information is subjective, it was triggered by their own emotions and motivations.

Is conscious understanding subjective or objective?

When someone thinks something is funny, how accurate are they? How can someone measure how funny a movie or a joke is? Can you measure that by the amount of time spend laughing or the amount of 'smiling' the person does as a result of hearing the joke? Conscious understanding of our own feelings is subjective. That information also means that all conscious understanding is subjective - when someone thinks they understand something, they are going to bias it in some way.

What if someone tries to be as objective as possible when making all of their decisions. Then possibly all decisions that are objective in the first place (non-emotional decisions) and not subjective might be fairly non-biased. But then what types of assessments are non-emotional and which types are emotional? Math isn't emotional - scientific fact isn't emotional. That isn't to say that there isn't a type of bias someone has when they do addition. Maybe they are thinking about something else at the same time and this biases possible interpretations of the objective data.

So it is clear that something objective is objective, and something subjective is subjective, however how could someone measure differences in how subjective something is?

What classifies material as conscious vs. unconscious?

Theoretically all the information someone absorbs is going to be consciously vs. unconsciously absorbed to different degrees. I would say that if the information is easier to remember then you are using your unconscious mind (like how songs are easy to remember). Songs are easy to remember because they are fun, a persons emotions are evoked and that helps increase mental processing of the song so they can recall it. The emotion 'fun' from the song (even if it is a sad song the fact that it is a song is positive) or just emotion from the song helps you to remember it.

Information that you don't need to think about that much consciously is unconscious information as well. If you think about it, if you have to do a lot consciously - like think of this and that in order to remember something or think or do something, then it is more conscious. If it is done more automatically then it is more unconscious.

I would say that all emotional information is more unconscious. Dreams are emotional because you are not conscious during them. That is why they don't make sense, because you are not thinking (lol). Does this mean that someone thinking a lot is going to be less emotional? That is hard to say because you can't really define when someone as thinking a lot or not. If someone is watching a movie, they are probably thinking less then when during a history exam.

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Source:  OpenStax, Emotion, cognition, and social interaction - information from psychology and new ideas topics self help. OpenStax CNX. Jul 11, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col10403/1.71
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