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An m-file environment has all of the standard arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, etc.) and functions (sine, cosine, logarithm, etc.). The
table lists the most commonly used operations; in this table,
x and
y are
scalars . (A scalar is a single value, as opposed to a vector or matrix which consists of many values.)
| Operation | m-file |
|---|---|
x-y | |
x+y | |
x*y | |
x/y | |
x^y | |
exp(x) | |
log10(x) | |
log(x) | |
log2(x) | |
cos(x) | |
sin(x) | |
sqrt(x) |
Expressions are formed from numbers, variables, and these operations. The operations have different precedences. The
^ operation has the highest precedence;
^ operations are evaluated before any other operations. Multiplication and division have the next highest precedence, and addition and subtraction have the lowest precedence. Precedence is altered by parentheses; expressions within parentheses are evaluated before expressions outside parentheses.
The Table below shows several mathematical formulas, the corresponding expressions, and the values that are computed for the expressions.
| formula | MATLAB Expression | Computed Value |
|---|---|---|
5^2+4^2 |
41 | |
(5+4)^2 |
81 | |
(2 + 3)/(4 - 5) |
-5 | |
log10(100) |
2 | |
log(4*(2+3)) |
2.9957 |
These tricks are occasionally useful, especially when you begin programming with m-files.
... at the end of the line to indicate it continues on the next line.Splitting the expression
over multiple lines.
(2+3)...
/(4-5)
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