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One simple way to tell different fish apart is due to their ratio of length to width. For every species of fish, that ratiois essentially the same. On reason salmon are unique in that regard is because during spawning season, they grow wider andthus their length to width ratio becomes much smaller (approximately 2:1 or 3:1). Other fish, such as steelheadtrout, which maintain a much more sleek, approximately 3:1 to 4:1 length to width ratio even during spawning season.
This test is done using primarily the Canny Edge Detection
method which is performed by Matlab using the command
edge . It takes the image of the fish and
finds an outline of it.
Image edges contain strong contrasts in intensity. The Canny Edge Detector tries to find only true edges by only selectinglocalized edge points and only responding once to a single real edge. The Canny method also filters noise with a convolutionmask built through Canny's algorithm. The edge detector then uses the gradient of the image and summing along the x directionand y direction to obtain the edge value. Direction of the edge is easily determined by looking at each directions value andseeing which one is larger. However, it is important to test for errors when one direction is zero, so Canny looks at the anglebetween the x-direction and y-direction. Canny also uses suppression to connect values along the direction of the edge.
After the edge detection has been run, the image is binary and all the edges are represented by ones. The rows and columns arethen each summed up. The algorithm then starts at each edge of the image and moves toward the center until it finds a row witha significant amount of values in it. This signals the edge of the fish closest to that side. Then, through simplecalculations, the length, width, and ration can be calculated.
% This function uses canny edge detection to try to find an outline of the
% fish in the grayscale image and then it calculates the length to width% ratio of the fish.
function [length,width,lwratio]= fishedge(image)
imagegray = rgb2gray(image);imageedge = edge(imagegray,'canny');
l4rowedge = sum(imageedge);l4coledge = sum(imageedge')';
l4size = size(imageedge);j = 1;
% Find the top edge of the fishwhile l4coledge(j)<4
top = j;j = j+1;
endj = 1;
% Find the bottom edge of the fishwhile l4coledge(l4size(1)-j+1)<4
bottom = l4size(1)-j+1;j = j+1;
endwidth = bottom - top;
j = 1;% Find the left edge of the fish
while l4rowedge(j)<4
left = j;j = j+1;
endj = 1;
% Find the right edge of the fishwhile l4rowedge(l4size(2)-j+1)%lt; 4
right = l4size(2)-j+1;j = j+1;
endlength = right - left;
lwratio = length./width; 
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