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Aardrykskunde

Graad 5

Gesondheid en welsyn

Module 35

Siektes en die werkplek

A. Nywerhede en nywerheidsgebiede

Suid-Afrika is ‘n betreklik welvarende land, veral gemeet aan Afrika-standaarde. ‘n Ondersoek na die voorkoms van minerale en grondstowwe afkomstig uit vissery, landbou en bosbou sal aantoon dat dit die oorsprong van ons welvaart is.

Die produkte van die mynbou, en die grondstowwe hierbo genoem, word in fabrieke verwerk om waarde by die primêre produkte te voeg en uiteindelik welvaart vir die land te bewerkstellig. Die talle werkgeleenthede wat in die fabrieke geskep word en die salarisse en lone wat deur die fabriekspersoneel verdien word, veroorsaak dat die rykdom na die mense versprei word.

IS DAAR MEER IN NYWERHEDE AS NET VOORDEEL?

In Suid-Afrika, soos in die meeste lande in Afrika, heers groot werkloosheid. Enige stappe wat gedoen word om werk te skep, word verwelkom. Die Ceres-groep wou in ‘n stadium grond gratis aan ‘n vrugte-inmaakmaatskappy skenk om sodoende werk te skep en produksie te verhoog.

Dit sou egter dom wees om alles in die stryd te werp om grondstowwe te ontgin so vinnig as wat ons kan, en te vergeet van die mens en die omgewing.

In die mens se strewe om geld uit mynbou en nywerhede te maak, doen hy baie dinge reg, maar sommige besluite neem nie die beste belange van die mens en die omgewing in ag nie – ‘n mens hoor en lees gedurig van hofsake wat teen regerings en maatskappye gemaak word om hulle tot verantwoording te roep.

Die lande van Oos-Europa wat vir ongeveer 40 jaar onder beheer van die USSR was voordat hulle in 1990 weer beheer oor hul eie sake oorgeneem het, is ‘n toonbeeld van hoe regerings ‘n land kan verwaarloos. In ‘n stadium het die rook uit die skoorstene van fabrieke soveel skadelike stowwe bevat dat bome daarvan doodgegaan het. Water wat in Europa se grootste rivier, die Ryn, gestort is, het in die vroeë sewentigerjare van die vorige eeu die plante en dierelewe begin vernietig.

AKTIWITEIT 1

OM AFLEIDINGS UIT ‘N GRAFIESE VOORSTELLING TE MAAK

[LU 3.1; 3.3]

  • Bestudeer die skets en verduidelik watter goeie plan gemaak is om waterbesoedeling in hierdie rivier te voorkom:

Wat was die plan wat beraam is?

B. Die invloede van nywerhede

Dit is nie net die natuur wat deur die nywerhede beïnvloed word nie, maar ook die mense wat in die nywerhede werksaam is.

AKTIWITEIT 2

OM PROBLEEMSITUASIES TE IDENTIFISEER EN ONTLEED EN VOORSTELLE TE MAAK VIR DIE VERBETERING DAARVAN

[LU 3.1; 3.3]

  • Bestudeer die koerantberigte en voltooi die vraelys:
  • Berig 1

Asbestoselyer beskuldig unistad van sloerdery

Helen Coetzee

KAAPSTAD - Die unistadsraad sloer, terwyl werknemers by die Athlone-kragsentrale ly weens longkanker en asbestose wat hulle deur die inaseming van asbesvesel opgedoen het.

Uit: Die Burger , 26 Junie 2001

Berig 2

Prieska gis oor wie in grafte by mynhoop lê

PRIESKA - Tussen 200 en 250 ongemerkte grafte is hier op ‘n koppie langs ‘n mynhoop by die Glen Alan-oopgroefmyn gevind, terwyl gemeenskappe hulle gereed gemaak het vir ‘n protesoptog teen die uitwerking van asbes.

Questions & Answers

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Source:  OpenStax, Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 22, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10985/1.2
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