<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis

Graad 7

Die eerste mense

Module 14

Die taung-baba

  • Die aarde is waarskynlik 6 miljard jaar oud. Van hierdie tydperk bestaan die mens en sy voorsate maar sowat 5 – 8 miljoen jaar, terwyl die mens wat sy eie kos kweek en ‘n georganiseerde gemeenskapslewe ontwikkel het, nog maar 6000 – 8000 jaar op aarde is. Dit is skaars een miljoenste van die wêreld se ouderdom.
  • In hierdie module gaan jul ontdek van mense wat miljoene jare gelede geleef het. Dit wat ons van die vroeë mense weet, kry ons van getuienis. Baie van die getuienis is ou bene, werktuie en tekeninge wat ontdek is. Groot dele van die verlede is amper bronloos . . .
  • Net in Afrika is daar al meer as 3 000 skeletstukke van vroeë mense versamel. Meegaande kaart toon verskillende plekke in Suid- en Oos-Afrika aan waar laasgenoemde voorkom.

  • Afrika word die wieg van die mensdom genoem, omdat van die oudste menslike fossiele hier gevind word.
  • Vervolgens gaan ons ontdek hoedat die fossiellewe, wat argeoloë gevind het, ons meer vertel van die vroeë mens.

Die menseras het in Afrika ontstaan. ‘n Suid-Afrikaanse kind wat sowat 3 miljoen jaar gelede dood is, bied baie leidrade oor die vroeë mense. Die skedel van die vroegste lid van die menseras is in 1924 by ‘n kalkgroef naby die dorpie Taung (“plek van die groot leeu”), 80 km noord van Kimberley (in die Noordwes-provinsie) ontdek. ‘n Werker wat vir ‘n maatskappy kalksteen uit ‘n steengroef uitgeskiet het, het ‘n klein skedel gevind. Dit is aan professor Raymond Dart gestuur.

Die taung-baba

Hulle het dadelik besef dat dit anders is as enigiets wat hul tevore gesien het.

Die skedel het twee belangrike kenmerke van die menseras (hominiede) uitgewys, nl.

  • klein hoektande en ‘n
  • regop liggaamshouding

Omdat die skedel so klein was, het professor Dart gedink dit behoort aan ‘n kind omtrent vyf jaar oud – vandaar die naam Taung-baba. Die kind het regop geloop soos ons. Daarom het hy hom die wetenskaplike naam Australopithecus gegee. Sover ons weet, was Australopithecus die eerste wese wat regop geloop het - soos ‘n mens.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om die verlede te rekonstrueer

[lu 3.3]

Oortuig jou vriend op ‘n wetenskaplike wyse dat mense nie uit ape ontwikkel het nie. Meegaande vyf bronne gaan jou baie hiermee help! (Julle kan eers ‘n klasdebat hou!)

Bron A

Bron B

Anders as die mens en Australopithecus dwing die anatomie van die sjimpansee hom om met ‘n waggelgang op die buiterande van die voete te loop.

Van al die primate is die mens die enigste wat regop loop.

Dit beteken dat die vorm van die bekkengordel, die posisie van die dybeen, en die manier waarop die voet op die grond geplant word, baie spesifiek is.

Die manier waarop die dybeen die liggaamsgewig dra, is ook anders by mense as by ape. Deur die geraamte van Australopithecus met die van ape en mense te vergelyk, is dit maklik om te sien hoedat Australopithecus in al hierdie gevalle meer met mense ooreenstem as met ape.

Die ingeboë knieë van die mens en Australopithecus laat ook toe dat die voete na vore gerig kan word.

Questions & Answers

what is defense mechanism
Chinaza Reply
what is defense mechanisms
Chinaza
I'm interested in biological psychology and cognitive psychology
Tanya Reply
what does preconceived mean
sammie Reply
physiological Psychology
Nwosu Reply
How can I develope my cognitive domain
Amanyire Reply
why is communication effective
Dakolo Reply
Communication is effective because it allows individuals to share ideas, thoughts, and information with others.
effective communication can lead to improved outcomes in various settings, including personal relationships, business environments, and educational settings. By communicating effectively, individuals can negotiate effectively, solve problems collaboratively, and work towards common goals.
it starts up serve and return practice/assessments.it helps find voice talking therapy also assessments through relaxed conversation.
miss
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
Wekolamo Reply
please i need answer
Wekolamo
because it helps many people around the world to understand how to interact with other people and understand them well, for example at work (job).
Manix Reply
Agreed 👍 There are many parts of our brains and behaviors, we really need to get to know. Blessings for everyone and happy Sunday!
ARC
A child is a member of community not society elucidate ?
JESSY Reply
Isn't practices worldwide, be it psychology, be it science. isn't much just a false belief of control over something the mind cannot truly comprehend?
Simon Reply
compare and contrast skinner's perspective on personality development on freud
namakula Reply
Skinner skipped the whole unconscious phenomenon and rather emphasized on classical conditioning
war
explain how nature and nurture affect the development and later the productivity of an individual.
Amesalu Reply
nature is an hereditary factor while nurture is an environmental factor which constitute an individual personality. so if an individual's parent has a deviant behavior and was also brought up in an deviant environment, observation of the behavior and the inborn trait we make the individual deviant.
Samuel
I am taking this course because I am hoping that I could somehow learn more about my chosen field of interest and due to the fact that being a PsyD really ignites my passion as an individual the more I hope to learn about developing and literally explore the complexity of my critical thinking skills
Zyryn Reply
good👍
Jonathan
and having a good philosophy of the world is like a sandwich and a peanut butter 👍
Jonathan
generally amnesi how long yrs memory loss
Kelu Reply
interpersonal relationships
Abdulfatai Reply
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Geskiedenis graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 09, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11022/1.1
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Geskiedenis graad 7' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask