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Tegnologie

Graad 6

Stelsels en beheer: ‘n elektriese skok

Module 15

Maak ‘n verkeersreguleerder

Aan die Opvoeder: Hierdie opdrag kan individueel of in groepe gedoen word.

(a) Wat is die probleem? Jy is ‘n inwoner van Deurmekaardorp. Die dorp se verkeer is elke dag in totale chaos, aangesien die bestuurders van hul voertuie nie by die hoofkruising stilhou nie. Almal is permanent laat vir hul onderskeie werke, aangesien daar gereeld botsings of verkeersopeenhopings by dié belangrike kruising plaasvind.

(b) Wat is die behoefte? Daar moet ‘n “masjien” ontwerp word wat die verkeer daagliks op ‘n sinvolle manier kan reguleer.

  1. Wat is jou opdrag? Jy moet ‘n prototipe van ‘n masjien ontwerp en maak wat julle by die kruising kan oprig om so die verkeer sinvol te reguleer.

(d) Wat is die beperkings vir jou prototipe? Vir jou stroombaan mag jy die volgende gebruik: 3 gloeilampies (LED’s) van kleure wat verskil van dié van die resistors; ‘n battery en batteryhouer as die energiebron; 7 lengtes koperdraad met klampies as die geleiers, en ‘n houtplankie, 4 duimspykers en ‘n skuifspeld as die skakelaar.

Daar mag slegs een liggie op ‘n keer brand. Die liggies sal vir die motoriste wys wanneer een baan moet stilhou en ‘n ander baan byvoorbeeld mag ry en op elke hoek van die kruising sal so ‘n masjien opgerig word. Jy moet net een bou.

Vir die staander mag jy jou eie inisiatief gebruik, maar die masjien se prototipe mag nie hoër as 30cm of breër as 20cm wees nie. Dit moet stewig, stabiel en sterk wees.

Opdrag 1

Raadpleeg verskillende bronne en stel ten minste drie oplossings vir hierdie probleem voor. Teken of skrywe neer wat jou moontlike oplossings is.

LU/AS 1.2

Opdrag 2

Ontwerp

  1. Teken vryhandsketse van drie stroombane wat moontlik as ‘n oplossing vir die verkeersprobleem kan dien. Gebruik ook byskrifte.
LU/AS 1.5
  1. Teken ook ‘n stroomdiagram van jou finale keuse.
(c) Maak prototipes van elke stroomdiagram en, indien dit nie werk nie, skryf ‘n rede/redes by waarom dit nie werk nie. Vra ook jou klasmaats en onderwyser se raad.LU/AS 1.6

WENK !

  • Moet jy die liggies in serie of parallel skakel as hulle slegs een op ‘n slag mag werk?
  • Waar kan jy iets skuif sodat slegs een liggie op ‘n slag brand?
LU/AS 1.6
  • Ontwerp ook die staander waarop jy die liggies, skakelaar en battery kan monteer sodat die masjien kan werk. Die masjien sal later outomaties beheer word, maar vir eers sal ‘n werker in diens geneem word om die ligte te wissel. Bespreek eers vooraf die vereistes vir so ‘n staander as ‘n klasgroep. Gebruik byskrifte en kleur. Dui ook afmetings aan, sodat iemand jou idees sal verstaan en ook hoe dit werk.
LU/AS 1.5

Ontwikkel jou beste idee volledig.

LU/AS 1.6

Opdrag 3

Vervaardiging

  1. Bou nou jou staander vir die stroombaan.
LU/AS 1.9
  1. Watter materiaal gebruik jy?
  1. Watter gereedskap gebruik jy?
  1. Watter handelinge voer jy uit?
LU/AS 1.8
  1. Monteer nou jou stroombaan aan die staander.
  2. Demonstreer jou “uitvindsel” aan die res van die klas en verduidelik hoe dit werk.
  3. Dink aan ‘n gepaste naam vir jou “uitvindsel”. ‘n
  4. Skryf stapsgewys hoe jy jou “uitvindsel” gemaak het.

Questions & Answers

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Chinaza
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Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
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Source:  OpenStax, Tegnologie graad 6. OpenStax CNX. Sep 07, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11004/1.1
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