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Our experience has been that collaborative research models the teamwork required of leaders in schools. Doctoral students must have common goals and build consensus between or among themselves. They must know their role in the research and how it relates to the other researchers. These roles must be defined at the outset of the research process. During the dissertation process, these roles may have to be redefined. Just as knowing the roles of each of the research team members, the researchers also must know the strengths in terms of knowledge, research skills, leadership, and support of each researcher so that the research itself can become the best that can be produced. With teamwork being pivotal in collaborative research, we must address the definition of a companion dissertation, also referred to as a joint, cluster, collaborative, or coordinated dissertation. First and foremost, it is not a single dissertation with two names on it; rather, companion dissertations are characterized by collaborative inquiry by one or more students in which (a) each dissertation may utilize a target population with a unique study sample centered on a problem, a phenomenon, or a general topic of interest or (b) each dissertation may utilize two or more different target populations yet they may focus on the same problem, phenomenon, or topic. We offer five formats in which a companion dissertation can be conceptualized as one of the following models: (a) meta-analytic model, (b) multiple case study model, (c) evaluation model, (d) single case model, and (e) subsequent replication model.
This module has been peer-reviewed, accepted, and sanctioned by the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA) as a scholarly contribution to the knowledge base in educational administration.

Meta-analytic Model

The meta-analytic model is based in a common research question. The meta-analytic model represents the analysis of a specific topic from multiple perspectives or vantage points for the purpose of comparing and contrasting findings. For example, a question may be,“What are the perceptions of superintendents and their school board presidents regarding the role of superintendents in 1000 Texas public school districts?”If a team of three individuals are working on this particular question, then the first dissertation may explore the question from a small district perspective; the second dissertation may explore the question from a mid-size district perspective, while the third dissertation may explore the question from the large urban district perspective. In this case, Chapters One (Introduction) and Two (Review of Literature) of the dissertation could be entirely different; however, the dissertations may all include a collaboratively-derived theoretical framework. Chapter Three (Methodology) must present the sampling plan in differing ways; however, all three dissertations might include the same information on instrumentation, research design, and procedures (all planned together). Chapter Four (Results) and Five (Discussion) would be individually authored and would present the findings for the unique samples and the summary, conclusions, and recommendations. It is recommended in this model that the chair or co-chairs be the same person(s) for the companion dissertations because that person(s) would have the knowledge of all the multiple dissertations to guide different perspectives.

Questions & Answers

what is microbiology
Agebe Reply
What is a cell
Odelana Reply
what is cell
Mohammed
how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
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Source:  OpenStax, The handbook of doctoral programs: issues and challenges. OpenStax CNX. Dec 10, 2007 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10427/1.3
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