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Tegnologie

Graad 7

Stelsels en beheer: water

Module 9

Ontwerp ‘n waterwiel

ONDERSOEK

Probleemsituasie

Jy moet ‘n hoeveelheid drukspykers oor ‘n afstand van 60 cm oplig. Jou kragbron is 4 ℓ water wat 1,5 m bo die rotor verskaf word in ‘n 3 mm plastiekpyp.

Ontwerpbeperkings

Die materiaal wat jy mag gebruik, is enige van die volgende:

Vir die rotor:

  • ‘n kurkprop of
  • twee kartonsirkels met 20 cm deursnee of
  • ‘n leë garingtolletjie

Vir die as:

  • twee tandestokkies of
  • ‘n breinaald of
  • ‘n 15 cm spyker of
  • ‘n lang ronde potlood of
  • ‘n sosatiestokkie

Vir die lemme:

  • twee eierdosies waarvan die bakkies uitgeknip word of
  • dik karton of
  • ‘n leë 2 ℓ plastiek koeldrankbottel waaruit die lemme geknip word of
  • ‘n plastiek margarienbakkie waaruit die lemme geknip word of
  • plastiek teelepels of
  • plastiek roomysskeppers
  • Voorbeelde van waterwiele:

Vir die staander:

  • ‘n liniaal met draad wat aan die as aan weerskante vasgemaak word of
  • ‘n stuk hout met tou wat aan die as vasgemaak word of
  • ‘n leë 2 ℓ plastiekbottel waarvan die bodem afgesny is of
  • ‘n groot plastiek sapbottel of
  • ‘n 2 ℓ melkbottel

Om die waterbron te verskaf:

  • ‘n beker wat in ℓ afgemerk is
  • ‘n 1,5 m lange 3 mm in deursnee plastiekbuis aan ‘n tregter vasgemaak

Om die water op te vang: ‘n groot plat plastiekkom/ bak

Om die drukspykers op te lig (die hystoestel):

  • dun tou of
  • wol
  • ‘n plastiek of platoppervlakbakkie vir die drukspykers
  • ‘n ogie

Ander gereedskap:

  • ‘n skêr
  • wondergom
  • klei
  • kleeflint
  • ‘n mes
  • gom
  • waterdigte verf en vernis
  • ‘n verfkwas
  • ‘n krammasjien
  • ‘n potlood
  • ‘n liniaal
  • ‘n stilus
  • ‘n gradeboog (vir plasing van lemme)

Opdrag 1:

Om ‘n situasie te analiseer

LU/AS 1.5

Kom ons analiseer /ontleed die situasie en skryf ‘n ontwerpvoorstel neer. (‘n Ontwerpvoorstel is ‘n kort stelling wat ‘n moontlike oplossing omskryf.)

Voltooi die volgende:

Ek gaan ‘n ontwerp en maak wat ‘n hoeveelheid

oor ‘n afstand van ± cm vertikaal kan oplig deur van die gepaste materiaal

en gereedskap wat genoem word, gebruik te maak.

Ontwerp

Opdrag 2:

Om navorsing te doen oor hystoestelle en turbines

LU/AS 1.4

Doen navorsing oor hystoestelle (katrolle) en turbines (waterwiele) en teken of plak prente van bestaande of antieke masjiene. Verduidelik ook kortliks hoe hulle gewerk het. (Vind bv. uit omtrent die Egiptiese sjadoef of die waterwiele van Archimedes)

Watter naslaanbronne het jy geraadpleeg?

Opdrag 3:

Om navorsing te doen

LU/AS 1.2

Soms kan jy ‘n probleem dadelik oplos deur van jou reeds verworwe kennis en verbeelding gebruik te maak. Om egter die beste moontlike oplossing te verkry, benodig jy nuwe kennis en inligting wat jy slegs deur navorsing kan opdoen. Raadpleeg ‘n verskeidenheid naslaanbronne en teken met byskrifte in die spasie hieronder moontlike oplossings vir jou probleem.

Opdrag 4:

LU/AS 1.7

Daar is sekere ontwerpbeperkings wat jy in ag moet neem, aangesien jy slegs sekere materiale en gereedskap mag gebruik. Dit is dus nodig dat jy spesifikasies moet skryf, want daar moet spesifieke besonderhede omtrent jou ontwerp wees waaraan voldoen moet word.

Jy moet moontlike oplossings vir die probleem oorweeg deur al jou idees op papier te teken. Oorweeg verskillende ontwerpe. Deur jou idees te kombineer met die navorsing wat jy gedoen het, behoort jy ‘n goeie oplossing te vind.

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Source:  OpenStax, Tegnologie graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 10, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11031/1.1
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