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Basisoppervlakte = s 2 = 28 2 = 784 mm 2

Stap 3: Bereken die basisomtrek.

Basisomtrek = 4 × s = 112mm

Stap 4: Skryf die prismahoogte neer

H = 52mm

Stap 5: Bereken die TBO en V.

V = 784 × 52 = 40 768 mm 3 ≈ 40,7 cm 3

TBO = (2 × 784) + (52 × 112) = 7 392 mm 2 ≈ 73,9 cm 2

  1. Reghoek-prisma :

TBO = 2 basisoppervlakte + sy-oppervlakte = 2 (l × b) + (H × basisomtrek)

1 = 41mm; b = 14mm

Stap 1: Bepaal waar die basis is en skets dit saam met die afmetings.

Stap 2: Bereken die basisoppervlakte.

Basisoppervlakte = l × b = 41 × 14 = 574 mm 2

Stap 3: Bereken die basisomtrek.

Basisomtrek = 2 (14 + 41) = 110mm

Stap 4: Skryf die prismahoogte neer

H = 54mm

Stap 5: Bereken die TBO en V.

V = 574 × 54 = 30 996 mm 3 ≈ 31 cm 3

TBO = (2 × 574) + (54 × 110) = 7 088 mm 2 ≈ 70,1 cm 2

  1. Silinder :

TBO = 2 basisoppervlakte + sy-oppervlakte = 2 (π r 2 ) + (H × basisomtrek)

r = 17,5mm

Stap 1: Bepaal waar die basis is en skets dit saam met die afmetings.

Stap 2: Bereken die basisoppervlakte.

Basisoppervlakte = π r 2 = 3,14159 × (17,5) 2 ≈ 962,1mm 2

Stap 3: Bereken die basisomtrek.

Basisomtrek = 2 π r = 109,956mm

Stap 4: Skryf die prismahoogte neer

H = 60,5mm

Stap 5: Bereken die TBO en V.

V = 962,1 × 60,5 ≈ 58 207,8 mm 3 ≈ 58 cm 3

TBO = (2 × 962,1) + (60.5 × 109,956) ≈ 8 576,55 mm 2 ≈ 85,8 cm 2

  1. Driehoek-prisma :

TBO = 2 basisoppervlakte + sy-oppervlakte = 2 (½ × b × h) + (H × basisomtrek)

b = 43,5mm; h = 31,5mm skuinssy = 53,7mm (Pyth.)

Stap 1: Bepaal waar die basis is en skets dit saam met die afmetings.

Stap 2: Bereken die basisoppervlakte.

Basisoppervlakte = ½ b × h = 685,125 ≈ 685,1mm 2

Stap 3: Bereken die basisomtrek.

Basisomtrek = b + h + skuinssy ≈ 128,7mm

Stap 4: Skryf die prismahoogte neer

H = 60,5mm

Stap 5: Bereken die TBO en V.

V = 685,1 × 60,5 ≈ 41 450,1 mm 3 ≈ 41 cm 3

TBO = (2 × 685,1) + (60.5 × 128,7) ≈ 9 157,06 mm 2 ≈ 91,6 cm 2

Oefening:

Bereken die totale buite-oppervlakte en die volume van die volgende drie prismas.

Opdrag om in pare te doen:

  • Help Ouma haar probleem oplos. Sy het ‘n pot perskekonfyt gekook. Die konfyt is 2 cm vanaf die boonste rand van die kastrol met deursnit 24 cm en hoogte 21cm.
  • Sy het mooi konfytbotteltjies wat sy graag tot ongeveer ½ cm van bo-af wil volmaak.
  • Ouma het twee tipes botteltjies. Die bruines het ‘n vierkantige basis (8 cm × 8 cm) en is 12 cm hoog, en die geles het ‘n basis van 6,5 cm × 11,5 cm en is 11 cm hoog. Sy het elf van elke soort.
  • Haar probleem is dat sy slegs een soort botteltjie vir die perskekonfyt wil gebruik. Dit beteken dat sy nie die een soort wil begin gebruik om net agter te kom dat sy nog konfyt oor het as al elf vol is nie.
  • Jou taak is om uit te vind of sy genoeg botteltjies van een soort het om al die konfyt te bevat, en om dan ‘n aanbeveling te maak oor watter soort botteltjie om te gebruik.

Aktiwiteit 2

Om vertroud te raak met verskeie twee- en driedimensionele figure

[LU 3.1, 3.5]

A. Tweedimensionele figure

Dit is figure wat op ‘n vel papier geteken kan word. Hulle is dus plat figure. Daar is natuurlik ontelbaar baie sulke figure.

Veelhoeke (poligone) is geslote figure met drie of meer reguit sye. As al die sye ewe lank is en al die binnehoeke ewe groot, praat ons van reëlmatige veelhoeke. Driehoeke is driesydige veelhoeke, en ‘n gelyksydige driehoek is ‘n reëlmatige driesydige veelhoek. ‘n Vierkant is ‘n reëlmatige viersydige veelhoek. Penta gone (vyfhoeke) het vyf sye, heksagone het ses sye en heptagone het sewe. Maak ‘n lys van al hierdie spesiale name wat jy kan opspoor.

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11055/1.1
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