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13.2 Review questions

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Copy of Review Questions module m17070 (http://cnx.org/content/ m17070/) from Collaborative Statistics by Dean and Illowsky http://cnx.org/content/col10522/ , 12/18/2008 . The FORMAT only of the question numbering has been changed.

The next two questions refer to the following situation:

Suppose that the probability of a drought in any independent year is 20%. Out of those years in which a drought occurs, the probability of water rationing is 10%. However, in any year, the probability of water rationing is 5%.

What is the probability of both a drought and water rationing occurring?

REVIEW QUESTION 1 Solution : 0.02

Out of the years with water rationing, find the probability that there is a drought.

REVIEW QUESTION 2 Solution : 0.40

The next three questions refer to the following survey:

Favorite type of pie by gender
apple pumpkin pecan
female 40 10 30
male 20 30 10

Suppose that one individual is randomly chosen. Find the probability that the person’s favorite pie is apple or the person is male.

REVIEW QUESTION 3 Solution : 100 140 size 12{ { { size 8{"100"} } over { size 8{"140"} } } } {}

Suppose that one male is randomly chosen. Find the probability his favorite pie is pecan.

REVIEW QUESTION 4 Solution 10 60 size 12{ { { size 8{"10"} } over { size 8{"60"} } } } {}

Conduct a hypothesis test to determine if favorite pie type and gender are independent.

REVIEW QUESTION 5 Solution : p-value = 0 ; Reject null hypothesis ; Conclude dependent events

The next two questions refer to the following situation:

Let’s say that the probability that an adult watches the news at least once per week is 0.60.

We randomly survey 14 people. On average, how many people do we expect to watch the news at least once per week?

REVIEW QUESTION 6 Solution : 8.4

We randomly survey 14 people. Of interest is the number that watch the news at least once per week. State the distribution of X . X ~

REVIEW QUESTION 7 Solution : B 14 , 0 . 60 size 12{B left ("14",0 "." "60" right )} {}

The following histogram is most likely to be a result of sampling from which distribution?

  • A

    Chi-Square

  • B

    Geometric

  • C

    Uniform

  • D

    Binomial

REVIEW QUESTION 8 Solution : D

REVIEW QUESTION 9 Removed

The next three questions refer to the following situation:

The amount of money a customer spends in one trip to the supermarket is known to have an exponential distribution. Suppose the average amount of money a customer spends in one trip to the supermarket is $72.

Find the probability that one customer spends less than $72 in one trip to the supermarket?

REVIEW QUESTION 10 Solution : 0.6321

Suppose 5 customers pool their money. (They are poor college students.) How much money altogether would you expect the 5 customers to spend in one trip to the supermarket (in dollars)?

REVIEW QUESTION 11 Solution : $360

State the distribution to use is if you want to find the probability that the average amount spent by 5 customers in one trip to the supermarket is less than $60.

REVIEW QUESTION 12 Solution : N 72 , 72 5 size 12{N left ("72", { { size 8{"72"} } over { size 8{ sqrt {5} } } } right )} {}

A math exam was given to all the fifth grade children attending Country School. Two random samples of scores were taken. The null hypothesis is that the average math scores for boys and girls in fifth grade are the same. Conduct a hypothesis test.

n size 12{n} {} x ¯ size 12{ {overline {x}} } {} s 2 size 12{s rSup { size 8{2} } } {}
Boys 55 82 29
Girls 60 86 46

REVIEW QUESTION 13 Solution : p-value = 0.0006 ; Reject null; Conclude averages are not equal

In a survey of 80 males, 55 had played an organized sport growing up. Of the 70 females surveyed, 25 had played an organized sport growing up. We are interested in whether the proportion for males is higher than the proportion for females. Conduct a hypothesis test.

REVIEW QUESTION 14 Solution : p-value = 0 ; Reject null; Conclude proportion of males is higher

Which of the following is preferable when designing a hypothesis test?

  • A

    Maximize α size 12{α} {} and minimize β size 12{β} {}

  • B

    Minimize α size 12{α} {} and maximize β size 12{β} {}

  • C

    Maximize α size 12{α} {} and β size 12{β} {}

  • D

    Minimize α size 12{α} {} and β size 12{β} {}

REVIEW QUESTION 15 Solution : D

The next three questions refer to the following situation:

120 people were surveyed as to their favorite beverage (non-alcoholic). The results are below.

Preferred beverage by age
0 – 9 10 – 19 20 – 29 30 + Totals
Milk 14 10 6 0 30
Soda 3 8 26 15 52
Juice 7 12 12 7 38
Totals 24 30 44 22 120

Are the events of milk and 30+ :

  • A

    Independent events? Justify your answer.

  • B

    Mutually exclusive events? Justify your answer.

    Review question 16 solution

  • A

    No

  • B

    Yes, P M and 30 + = 0 size 12{P left ( ital "Mand""30"+{} right )=0} {}

Suppose that one person is randomly chosen. Find the probability that person is 10 – 19 given that he/she prefers juice .

REVIEW QUESTION 17 Solution : 12 38 size 12{ { { size 8{"12"} } over { size 8{"38"} } } } {}

Are Preferred Beverage and Age independent events? Conduct a hypothesis test.

REVIEW QUESTION 18 Solution : No; p-value = 0

Given the following histogram, which distribution is the data most likely to come from?

  • A

    uniform

  • B

    exponential

  • C

    normal

  • D

    chi-square

REVIEW QUESTION 19 Solution : A

Questions & Answers

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Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
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Skinner skipped the whole unconscious phenomenon and rather emphasized on classical conditioning
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Source:  OpenStax, Collaborative statistics homework book: custom version modified by r. bloom. OpenStax CNX. Dec 23, 2009 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col10619/1.2
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