This module provides an outline/review of key concepts related to statistical sampling and data.
Statistics
- Deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
Probability
- Mathematical tool used to study randomness
Key terms
- Population
- Parameter
- Sample
- Statistic
- Variable
- Data
Types of data
- Quantitative Data (a number)
- Discrete (You count it.)
- Continuous (You measure it.)
- Qualitative Data (a category, words)
Sampling
-
With Replacement : A member of the population may be chosen more than once
-
Without Replacement : A member of the population may be chosen only once
Random sampling
- Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
Sampling methods
- Random
- Simple random sample
- Stratified sample
- Cluster sample
- Systematic sample
- Not Random
Samples must be representative of the population from which they come. They must have the same characteristics. However, they may vary but still represent the same population.
