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Translate and simplify:

  1. the difference of 14 and 9
  2. subtract 21 from 37
  1. 14 − 9 = 5
  2. 37 − 21 = 16
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Translate and simplify:

  1. 11 decreased by 6
  2. 18 less than 67
  1. 11 − 6 = 5
  2. 67 − 18 = 49
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Subtract whole numbers in applications

To solve applications with subtraction, we will use the same plan that we used with addition. First, we need to determine what we are asked to find. Then we write a phrase that gives the information to find it. We translate the phrase into math notation and then simplify to get the answer. Finally, we write a sentence to answer the question, using the appropriate units.

The temperature in Chicago one morning was 73 degrees Fahrenheit. A cold front arrived and by noon the temperature was 27 degrees Fahrenheit. What was the difference between the temperature in the morning and the temperature at noon?

Solution

We are asked to find the difference between the morning temperature and the noon temperature.

Write a phrase. the difference of 73 and 27
Translate to math notation. Difference tells us to subtract. 73 27
Then we do the subtraction. ...
Write a sentence to answer the question. The difference in temperatures was 46 degrees Fahrenheit.
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The high temperature on June 1 st in Boston was 77 degrees Fahrenheit, and the low temperature was 58 degrees Fahrenheit. What was the difference between the high and low temperatures?

The difference is 19 degrees Fahrenheit.

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The weather forecast for June 2 in St Louis predicts a high temperature of 90 degrees Fahrenheit and a low of 73 degrees Fahrenheit. What is the difference between the predicted high and low temperatures?

The difference is 17 degrees Fahrenheit.

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A washing machine is on sale for $399 . Its regular price is $588 . What is the difference between the regular price and the sale price?

Solution

We are asked to find the difference between the regular price and the sale price.

Write a phrase. the difference between 588 and 399
Translate to math notation. 588 399
Subtract. ..
Write a sentence to answer the question. The difference between the regular price and the sale price is $189.
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A television set is on sale for $499 . Its regular price is $648 . What is the difference between the regular price and the sale price?

The difference is $149.

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A patio set is on sale for $149 . Its regular price is $285 . What is the difference between the regular price and the sale price?

The difference is $136.

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Key concepts

Operation Notation Expression Read as Result
Subtraction 7 3 seven minus three the difference of 7 and 3
  • Subtract whole numbers.
    1. Write the numbers so each place value lines up vertically.
    2. Subtract the digits in each place value. Work from right to left starting with the ones place. If the digit on top is less than the digit below, borrow as needed.
    3. Continue subtracting each place value from right to left, borrowing if needed.
    4. Check by adding.

Practice makes perfect

Use Subtraction Notation

In the following exercises, translate from math notation to words.

Practice Key Terms 1

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Source:  OpenStax, Prealgebra. OpenStax CNX. Jul 15, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11756/1.9
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