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Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde

Graad 9

Ontwikkelingsvraagstukke

Module 4

Die rol van tegnologiese ontwikkeling in die oplossing van omgewingsvraagstukke

1. Die rol van tegnologiese ontwikkeling in die oplossing van omgewingsvraagstukke

1.1 Tegnologie en die toenemende vraag na voedsel

Namate die bevolkingsgetalle in die wêreld toeneem, word daar meer en meer druk geplaas op die natuurlike hulpbronne. Dit beteken dat die grond al hoe meer produkte moet lewer om die bevolking te voed. Tradisionele metodes vir die verbouing van gewasse is nie meer doeltreffend om die bevolking van die wêreld te voed nie. In sommige lande word vandag ‘n surplus of oorskot aan landbouprodukte geproduseer (bv. die VSA), terwyl daar in ander lande steeds ‘n groot probleem bestaan ten opsigte van die voedselbehoeftes van die bevolking (bv. in Ethiopië, waar die mense verhonger).

Om hierdie toestand te probeer oplos, word wetenskaplike metodes aangewend om die produksie van landbouprodukte te verhoog. Dit kos egter baie geld, mannekrag, tegnologie en navorsing. Indien dit suksesvol is, word nuwe kultivars byvoorbeeld ontwikkel wat ‘n hoër opbrengs lewer as die tradisionele gewasse. Vandag kry ons byvoorbeeld mielies wat baie meer koppe lewer as in die verlede. Dit lei tot hoër landbouproduksie wat meer mense kan voed. Mense wat ondervoed is, kan nie gesond bly, werk, en hulle gesinne versorg nie. Waar mense nie geld verdien om in hul lewensbehoeftes te voorsien nie, kan hulle ook nie hulself en hul kinders verder ontwikkel of bydra tot die land se vooruitgang nie.

Biotegnologie

Biotegnologie is wetenskaplike tegnieke wat op die kennis van biologie gebaseer is. Die biologie bestudeer die prosesse van lewe, soos bv. in plante. Hierdie kennis speel ‘n belangrike rol by die ontwikkeling van nuwe gewasse. Dit kan help om die tyd en koste verbonde aan die proses van ontwikkeling te verminder. Daar word ook gebruik gemaak van metodes om gene te gebruik wat grondvergiftiging teenwerk, plante bestand maak teen insekte, asook die voedselwaarde van plante verhoog.

Ook in die ontwikkelende lande kon boere voordeel trek uit die metodes soos die byvoeging van ‘n sekere geen in die canolaplant, wat betakerotien vervaardig. Dit help om Vitamine A-tekorte aan te vul, en oogskade te verhoed. Sekere aspekte rondom veiligheid en die etiek van genetiese manipulasie moet egter nog uitgestryk word. Etiek het te doen met die morele beginsels van “reg en verkeerd”.

Die wetenskap kan ook behulpsaam wees om beter bestuur van ons natuurlike hulpbronne te verseker. Sodoende kan probleme soos watertekorte, die verlies aan vrugbare grond, die verlies aan natuurlike bome en bosse, die verlies van biodiversiteit, asook die uitputting van ons visbronne verhoed word.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om inligting te bekom oor biotegnologie en die aanwending van wetenskaplike tegnieke

[lu 2.3]

  1. Hoewel dit hoogs wetenskaplike prosesse is, kan julle moontlik iemand in hierdie vakgebied vra om vir julle iets hiervan in eenvoudige taal te kom verduidelik. Boere en landboubeamptes weet meer hiervan. Iemand van ‘n plaaslike koöperasie, laboratorium of landbouskool sal ook kan help.
  2. Miskien kan julle in groepe ‘n aantal onderhoude met sulke persone voer.
  3. Plakkate oor die bevindinge kan vir die hele skool en die publiek aangebied word.
  4. Waarom is biodiversiteit (die behoud van verskillende vorme van lewe) belangrik?

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
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John Reply
what is physics
Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
what is the dimension formula of energy?
David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
what is inorganic
emma Reply
what is chemistry
Youesf Reply
what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
Krampah Reply
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
Sahid Reply
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
what's motion
Maurice Reply
what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
Magreth
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Muhammad Reply
fine, how about you?
Mohammed
hi
Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Aardrykskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11054/1.1
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