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1.2 Pasteur en lister oorwin kieme  (Page 22/2)

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Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis

Graad 6

Ontwikkeling van die mediese wetenskap

Module 3

Pasteur en lister oorwin kieme

Virusse, kieme en bakterieë is onsigbaar en is oral in die lug om ons teenwoordig. Wetenskaplikes sê dat virusse miljoen keer kleiner is as 'n millimeter. Ons asem elke dag baie virusse in, maar gelukkig word ons nie altyd siek nie. (Ek wonder wat 'n rekenaarvirus is?)

Die persoon wat uitgevind het hoe siektes werklik veroorsaak word, is Louis Pasteur. Hy het vasgestel dat die lug om ons vol kieme is, kieme wat so klein is dat dit net met 'n sterk mikroskoop sigbaar is. Hierdie kieme veroorsaak dat, onder meer, kos en melk gou sleg word as dit nie op die regte manier bewaar word nie.

Die ontdekking van die proses wat Pasteur beroemd gemaak het, dra ook sy naam: pasteurisasie. Hy het bewys dat voedsel lank bewaar kan word as dit kiemvry is. Hy het gevind dat as melk verhit word tot onderkant kookpunt en weer dadelik afgekoel word, die kieme of bakterieë daarin doodgaan. Hierdie proses word pasteurisasie genoem en word vandag in melkerye gebruik.

Hierdie ontdekking het gemaak dat feitlik alle kossoorte, bv. vleis, vis, groente en vrugte kiemvry in houers of blikkies ingemaak kan word. Die voedsel word in die blik gekook totdat dit kiemvry is en dan verseël. Hierdie voedsel kan lank veilig bewaar word.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Hoe om bronne te bekom en te gebruik

[lu 1.2, 2.1]

KLASGESPREK

a) Gebruik meegaande vrae om die gesprek te begin. Daarna kan jul jul eie vrae vra!

  • Watter melk is die veiligste om te drink: die melk in ‘n houer in die kafee, of die heerlike vars melk wat op ‘n plaas gekoop word en direk van die koeie kom? Hoekom?
  • Sê hoe jul melk kiemvry kan maak.
  • Soek vyf voedselitems in jul huis en kyk op die etikette of dit gepasteuriseer is.
  • Hoekom hou blikkieskos lank?

b) Navorsing

Die entstof teen die gevreesde hondsdolheid is seker een van Pasteur se belangrikste ontdekkings. Hy kon nie die oorsaak van die siekte vasstel nie, want die virus was te klein om met sy mikroskoop waar te neem. Hy het egter entstof uit die rugmurg van besmette hase gemaak om mense te behandel wat deur dol honde gebyt is. Die entstof het hy op 6 Julie 1885 op ‘n negejarige seun, Joseph Meister, wat drie dae tevore deur ‘n dol hond gebyt is, gebruik. Die seun het gesond geword en die entstof was ‘n groot sukses. Verder moet jy self in ‘n boek gaan naslaan wat gebeur het …

Verskaf die spesifieke woord(e) wat jou gehelp het om die res van bg. inligting te bekom in die:

  • Inhoudsopgawe
  • Indeks

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om te verstaan dat verskillende sieninge oor pasteur reg of verkeerd kan wees

[lu 2.1]

Louis Pasteur wil graag hierdie entstof teen hondsdolheid vir die eerste keer op ‘n mens toets.

  • Verduidelik namens hom wat die moontlikhede kan wees indien die eksperiment slaag.
  • Wat gaan sy alternatiewe wees as dit misluk?
  • Watter keuse het Pasteur gemaak?
  • Wat sou jy gedoen het? Hoekom?

Hou ‘n klasgesprek oor die volgende en voltooi dan die opdragte.

  • Watter lewensles wil hy vir ons leer?
  • Noem vier mooi eienskappe van Pasteur.
  • Jy word gevra om ‘n inskripsie op ‘n gedenksteen wat vir Louis Pasteur opgerig gaan word, te skryf. Skryf dit in die raam hieronder.

Questions & Answers

what does the ideal gas law states
Joy Reply
Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
Eunice Reply
what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
Haryormhidey Reply
how many start and codon
Esrael Reply
what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
WISDOM Reply
determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
WISDOM
Another formula for Acceleration
Belty Reply
a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
Adah
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
Nassze Reply
how do lnternal energy measures
Esrael
Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
JALLAH Reply
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
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Source:  OpenStax, Geskiedenis graad 6. OpenStax CNX. Sep 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11008/1.1
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