| << Chapter < Page | Chapter >> Page > |
| Operation | Words | Example | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| Addition | plus
sum increased by more than total of added to |
plus
the sum of and increased by more than the total of and added to |
|
Translate and simplify: the sum of and
The word sum tells us to add. The words of and tell us the addends.
| The sum of and | |
| Translate. | |
| Add. | |
| The sum of and is |
Translate and simplify: the sum of and
Translate: ; Simplify:
Translate and simplify: the sum of and
Translate: ; Simplify:
Translate and simplify: increased by
The words increased by tell us to add. The numbers given are the addends.
| increased by | |
| Translate. | |
| Add. | |
| So increased by is |
Translate and simplify: increased by
Translate 37 + 69; Simplify 106
Now that we have practiced adding whole numbers, let’s use what we’ve learned to solve real-world problems. We’ll start by outlining a plan. First, we need to read the problem to determine what we are looking for. Then we write a word phrase that gives the information to find it. Next we translate the word phrase into math notation and then simplify. Finally, we write a sentence to answer the question.
Hao earned grades of on the five tests of the semester. What is the total number of points he earned on the five tests?
We are asked to find the total number of points on the tests.
| Write a phrase. | the sum of points on the tests |
| Translate to math notation. | |
| Then we simplify by adding. | |
| Since there are several numbers, we will write them vertically. | |
| Write a sentence to answer the question. | Hao earned a total of 432 points. |
Notice that we added points , so the sum is points . It is important to include the appropriate units in all answers to applications problems.
Mark is training for a bicycle race. Last week he rode miles on Monday, miles on Wednesday, miles on Friday, miles on Saturday, and miles on Sunday. What is the total number of miles he rode last week?
He rode 140 miles.
Lincoln Middle School has three grades. The number of students in each grade is What is the total number of students?
The total number is 720 students.
Some application problems involve shapes. For example, a person might need to know the distance around a garden to put up a fence or around a picture to frame it. The perimeter is the distance around a geometric figure. The perimeter of a figure is the sum of the lengths of its sides.
Find the perimeter of the patio shown.
| We are asked to find the perimeter. | |
| Write a phrase. | the sum of the sides |
| Translate to math notation. | |
| Simplify by adding. | |
| Write a sentence to answer the question. | |
| We added feet, so the sum is feet. | The perimeter of the patio is feet. |
Find the perimeter of each figure. All lengths are in inches.
The perimeter is 30 inches.
Find the perimeter of each figure. All lengths are in inches.
The perimeter is 36 inches.
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