Logic provides a way to talk about
truth and correctness in a rigourous way,so that we can prove things, rather than
make intelligent guesses and just hope they are correct.
The ancient Greeks loved to hang around on the
stoa ,
sip some wine, and debate.But at the end of the day, they wanted to sit back and
decide who had won the argument.When Socrates
claims that one statement
follows from another, is it actually so?Shouldn't there be some set of rules to officially determine
when an argument is correct?Thus began the formal study of logic.
The three fundamental studies were the
Trivium grammar (words), logic (reasoning), and rhetoric (effective communication).These allowed study of the
Quadrivium arithmetic (patterns in number),geometry (patterns in space),
music (patterns in tone), andastronomy (patterns in time).
All together, these subjects comprise
the seven liberal arts .
These issues are of course still with us today.
And while it might be difficult to codify real-worldarguments about (say) gun-control laws,
programs
can be
fully formalized, and correctness can be specified.We'll look at three examples where formal proofs are applicable:
playing a simple game, WaterWorld;
checking a program for type errors;
circuit verification.
Many other areas of computer science routinely involve proofs, although
we won't explore them here.Manufacturing robots first prove that they can twist and move to
where they need to go before doing so, in order to avoid crashing intowhat they're building.
When programming a collection of client and server computers,we usually want to prove that the manner in which they communicate guarantees
that no clients are always ignored.Optimizing compilers prove that, within your program, some faster piece of
code behaves the same as and can replace what you wrote.With software systems controlling more and more life-critical applications,
it's important to be able to
prove that a program always does what it claims.
Waterworld
Consider a game called WaterWorld, where each location is either
empty sea or contains a pirate.When you enter a location, you must
correctly anticipate whether or not it contains pirates.
If you correctly anticipate open sea, you are able to enter and
determine how many of the (up to 3) adjacent locations containa pirate.
If you correctly anticipate a pirate, the location
is tagged as dangerous, and you gather no further information.
Furthermore, there are really two types of moves:
guesses, and assertions.If you make an assertion, then even if you happen to be correct but
it is possible you could have been wrong, then it is an error.Also, it is an error if you make a guess about a location
if it is actually possible to assert a location's contents.The interesting fact about these types of games is that while
sometimes guesses are necessary (when?),surprisingly often an assertion can be made.
Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you.
Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
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