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Editors, editorial boards, publishers, and publishing services in the sciences, technologies, and medicine (STM) created in the middle 1990s e-articles assembled from the first copy pages destined for the usual printing and distribution chain in response to the pressure of rapidly-growing flows of articles. In some cases, the e-articles were enhanced by added features possible only in digital publishing environments. Among such features in the e-articles were: searching and cross-searching by keywords; hyper-linking of citations to cited references or abstracts thereof; varying levels of resolution of images; communication with authors and editors; and the inclusion of data and information objects supplemental to the core article. Eventually, other features appeared: downloading of images to presentation applications; taxonomic indexing and searching; precision relevance engines; downloading to citation managers; assembling custom collections of articles; and personalized alerts of new publications. These features and others accumulated in e-articles of e-journals have been and are still heavily utilized in STM communities and, as verified by empirical studies of readers, are highly valued by STM readers because the features of the higher-end e-journals speed research and make easier both information gathering and organization in the research and reporting phases of science.
Here is a longer list of those features:Functions and features
Keyword searching Cross collection searching Footnote, end note, bibliographic hyperlinking Implicit hyperlinking Various image resolutions Layering or stacking Geo-rectification Annotation (private, group, public access) appended commentary supplemental data—operating Java et al. models, spreadsheets, text, images, extensive commentary and annotation citation management interfaces communication with authors/editors custom, personalized collections: bookmarking, hyperlinking w/ precision alerts and recommendations associative searching semantic searching taxonomic indexing and searching collective ratings, traffic monitoring, other social indicators of use (value?) associated blogs, listservs, and other social networking manifestations
Starting about the year 2000, these approaches migrated to other aspects of STM publishing, particularly longer monographs and collections of protocols and guidelines for bench research and for various applications of findings, including medical therapies and treatments. About the same time, some of these features began to find their ways into reference works heavily used by scholars in the humanities and social sciences; see for example the Oxford English Dictionary on-line.
See
(External Link) . New features and services began to appear as well; a major process improvement was the implementation of manuscript submission, tracking, refereeing, and editing systems, thus making more efficient editorial work leading to first copies of pages. (As an aside, we are still awaiting “writing” environments that add coding elements
de-novo , so that XML coding is made less expensive.)
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