0.24 Bis2a 06.appendix a review of red/ox reactions (Page 8/31)

Ucd bis2a intro to biology v1. Page 8 / 31

Calcium cyclamate Ca(C ₆ H ₁₁ NHSO ₃ ) ₂ is an artificial sweetener used in many countries around the world but is banned in the United States. It can be purified industrially by converting it to the barium salt through reaction of the acid C ₆ H ₁₁ NHSO ₃ H with barium carbonate, treatment with sulfuric acid (barium sulfate is very insoluble), and then neutralization with calcium hydroxide. Write the balanced equations for these reactions.

$2 C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3} H(a q) + {BaCO}_{3} (a q) ⟶ {(C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3})}_{2} Ba(s) + H_{2} {CO}_{3} (a q)$
${(C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3})}_{2} Ba(s) + H_{2} {SO}_{4} (a q) ⟶ {BaSO}_{4} (s) + 2 C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3} H(a q)$
$2 C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3} H(a q) + Ca {(OH)}_{2} (a q) ⟶ Ca {(C_{6} H_{11} {NHSO}_{3})}_{2} (s) + 2 H_{2} O(l)$

Complete and balance each of the following half-reactions (steps 2–5 in half-reaction method):

(a) ${Sn}^{4+} (a q) ⟶ {Sn}^{2+} (a q)$

(b) ${[Ag {({NH}_{3})}_{2}]}^{+} (a q) ⟶ Ag (s) + {NH}_{3} (a q)$

(d) $H_{2} O(l) ⟶ O_{2} (in acidic solution)$

(e) ${IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s)$

(f) ${SO}_{3}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) (in acidic solution)$

(g) ${MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) (in acidic solution)$

(h) ${Cl}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) (in basic solution)$

(a) $\begin{array}{l} S n^{4+} (a q) ⟶ {Sn}^{2+} (a q) \\ {Sn}^{4+} (a q) + {Se}^{-} ⟶ {Sn}^{2+} (a q) \end{array},$ (b) $\begin{array}{l} {[Ag {({NH}_{3})}_{2}]}^{+} (a q) ⟶ Ag(s) + 2 {NH}_{3} (a q) \\ {[Ag {({NH}_{3})}_{2}]}^{+} (a q) + e^{-} ⟶ Ag(s) + 2 {NH}_{3} (a q) \end{array};$ (c) $\begin{array}{l} {Hg}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (s) ⟶ Hg(l) + {Cl}^{−} (a q) \\ {Hg}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (s) ⟶ 2 Hg(l) + 2 {Cl}^{−} (a q) \\ {Hg}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (s) + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 Hg(l) + 2 {Cl}^{−} (a q) \end{array};$ (d) $\begin{array}{l} 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ O_{2} (g) \\ 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ O_{2} (g) + 4 H^{+} (a q) \\ 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ O_{2} (g) + 4 H^{+} (a q) + 4 e^{-} \end{array};$ (e) $\begin{array}{l} {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) \\ 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) \\ 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 6 H_{2} O(l) \\ 12 H^{+} (a q) + 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 6 H_{2} O(l) \\ 12 H^{+} (a q) + 12 O H^{-} (aq) + 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 6 H_{2} O(l) + 12 O H^{-} (aq) \\ 12 H_{2} O(l) + 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 6 H_{2} O(l) + 12 {OH}^{−} (a q) \\ 6 H_{2} O(l) + 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 12 {OH}^{−} (a q) \\ 6 H_{2} O(l) + 2 {IO}_{3}^{-} (a q) 10 e^{-} ⟶ I_{2} (s) + 12 {OH}^{−} (a q) \end{array};$ (f) $\begin{array}{l} {SO}_{3}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) \\ H_{2} O(l) + {SO}_{3}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) \\ H_{2} O(l) + {SO}_{3}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) + 2 H^{+} (a q) \\ H_{2} O(l) + {SO}_{3}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) + 2 H^{+} (a q) + 2 e^{-} \end{array};$ (g) $\begin{array}{l} {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) \\ {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) + 4 H_{2} O(l) \\ 8 H^{+} (a q) + {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) + 4 H_{2} O(l) \\ 8 H^{+} (a q) + {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) + 5 e^{-} ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) + 4 H_{2} O(l) \end{array};$ (h) $\begin{array}{l} {Cl}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) \\ 3 H_{2} O(l) + {Cl}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) \\ 3 H_{2} O(l) + {Cl}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) + 6 H^{+} (a q) \\ 3 H_{2} O(l) + {Cl}^{−} (a q) + 6 {OH}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) + 6 H^{+} (a q) + 6 {OH}^{-} (a q) \\ 3 H_{2} O(l) + {Cl}^{−} (a q) + 6 {OH}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) + 6 H_{2} O(l) \\ {Cl}^{−} (a q) + 6 {OH}^{−} (a q) ⟶ Cl O_{3}^{−} (a q) + 3 H_{2} O(l) + 6 e^{-} \end{array}$

Complete and balance each of the following half-reactions (steps 2–5 in half-reaction method):

(a) ${Cr}^{2+} (a q) ⟶ {Cr}^{3+} (a q)$

(b) $Hg(l) + {Br}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {HgBr}_{4}^{2−} (a q)$

(d) $H_{2} (g) ⟶ H_{2} O(l) (in basic solution)$

(e) $H_{2} (g) ⟶ H_{3} O^{+} (a q) (in acidic solution)$

(f) ${NO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {HNO}_{2} (a q) (in acidic solution)$

(g) ${MnO}_{2} (s) ⟶ {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) (in basic solution)$

(h) ${Cl}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) (in acidic solution)$

For an example of the fully worked out solution, see the solution to [link] . (a) ${Cr}^{2+} (a q) ⟶ {Cr}^{3+} (a q) + e^{-};$ (b) $Hg(l) + 4 {Br}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {HgBr}_{4}^{2−} (a q) + 2 e^{-};$ (c) $ZnS(s) + 2 e^{−} ⟶ Zn(s) + S^{2−} (a q);$ (d) $H_{2} (g) + 2 {OH}^{-} (a q) ⟶ 2 H_{2} O(l) + 2 e^{-};$ (e) $H_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 2 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 2 e^{-};$ (f) ${NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + 3 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {HNO}_{2} (a q) + 4 H_{2} O(l);$ (g) ${MnO}_{2} (s) + 4 {OH}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + 2 H_{2} O(l) + 3 e^{-};$ (h) ${Cl}^{−} (a q) + 3 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + 6 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 6 e^{-}$

Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:

(a) ${Sn}^{2+} (a q) + {Cu}^{2+} (a q) ⟶ {Sn}^{4+} (a q) + {Cu}^{+} (a q)$

(b) $H_{2} S(g) + {Hg}_{2}^{2+} (a q) ⟶ H g (l) + S(s) (in acid)$

(d) ${Fe}^{2+} (a q) + {Ce}^{4+} (a q) ⟶ {Fe}^{3+} (a q) + {Ce}^{3+} (a q)$

(e) $HBrO(a q) ⟶ {Br}^{-} (a q) + O_{2} (g) (in acid)$

For an example of the fully worked out solution, see the solution to [link] . (a) ${Sn}^{2+} (a q) + 2 {Cu}^{2+} (a q) ⟶ {Sn}^{4+} (a q) + 2 {Cu}^{+} (a q);$ (b) $H_{2} S(g) + {Hg}_{2}^{2+} (a q) + 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 2 Hg(l) + S(s) + 2 H_{3} O^{+} (a q);$ (c) $5 {CN}^{-} (a q) + 2 {ClO}_{2} (a q) + 3 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 5 {CNO}^{-} (a q) + 2 {Cl}^{-} (a q) + 2 H_{3} O^{+} (a q);$ (d) ${Fe}^{2+} (a q) + {Ce}^{4+} (a q) ⟶ {Fe}^{3+} (a q) + {Ce}^{3+} (a q);$ (e) $2 HBrO(a q) + 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 2 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 2 {Br}^{-} (a q) + O_{2} (g)$

Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:

(a) $Zn(s) + {NO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Zn}^{2+} (a q) + N_{2} (g) (in acid)$

(b) $Zn(s) + {NO}_{3}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Zn}^{2+} (a q) + {NH}_{3} (a q) (in base)$

(d) ${NH}_{3} (a q) + O_{2} (g) ⟶ {NO}_{2} (g) (gas phase)$

(e) ${Cl}_{2} (g) + {OH}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Cl}^{-} (a q) + {ClO}_{3}^{-} (a q) (in base)$

(f) $H_{2} O_{2} (a q) + {MnO}_{4}^{-} (a q) ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} (a q) + O_{2} (g) (in acid)$

(g) ${NO}_{2} (g) ⟶ {NO}_{3}^{-} (a q) + {NO}_{2}^{-} (a q) (in base)$

(h) ${Fe}^{3+} (a q) + I^{−} (a q) ⟶ {Fe}^{2+} (a q) + I_{2} (a q)$

For an example of the fully worked out solution, see the solution to [link] . (a) $5 Zn(s) + 12 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 2 {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) ⟶ 5 {Zn}^{2+} (a q) + N_{2} (g) + 18 H_{2} O(l);$ (b) $4 Zn(s) + {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + 6 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 4 {Zn}^{2+} (a q) + {NH}_{3} (a q) + 9 {OH}^{−} (a q);$ (c) $3 CuS(s) + 8 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + 2 {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) ⟶ 3 {Cu}^{2+} (a q) + 3 S(s) + 2 NO(g) + 12 H_{2} O(l);$ (d) $4 {NH}_{3} (a q) + 7 O_{2} (g) ⟶ 4 {NO}_{2} (g) + 6 H_{2} O(l);$ (e) $3 {Cl}_{2} (g) + 6 {OH}^{−} (a q) ⟶ 5 {Cl}^{−} (a q) + {ClO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + 3 H_{2} O(l);$ (f) $5 H_{2} O_{2} (a q) + 2 {MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + 6 H_{3} O^{+} (a q) ⟶ 2 {Mn}^{2+} (a q) + 5 O_{2} (g) + 14 H_{2} O(l);$ (g) $2 {NO}_{2} (g) + 2 {OH}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + {NO}_{2}^{−} (a q) + H_{2} O(l);$ (h) $2 {Fe}^{3+} (a q) + 2 I^{−} (a q) ⟶ 2 {Fe}^{2+} (a q) + I_{2} (a q)$

Balance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method:

(a) ${MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + {NO}_{2}^{−} (a q) ⟶ {MnO}_{2} (s) + {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) (in base)$

(b) ${MnO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) ⟶ {MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + {MnO}_{2} (s) (in base)$

For an example of the fully worked out solution, see the solution to [link] . (a) $2 {MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + {3NO}_{2}^{−} (a q) + H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 2 {MnO}_{2} (s) + 3 {NO}_{3}^{−} (a q) + 2 {OH}^{−} (a q);$ (b) $3 {MnO}_{4}^{2−} (a q) + 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 2 {MnO}_{4}^{−} (a q) + 4 {OH}^{−} (a q) + {MnO}_{2} (s) (in base);$ (c) ${Br}_{2} (l) + {SO}_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} O(l) ⟶ 4 H^{+} (a q) + 2 {Br}^{−} (a q) + {SO}_{4}^{2−} (a q)$

<< Chapter < Page Page > Chapter >>

Practice Key Terms 23

Read also:

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

100% Free Mobile Applications
Receive real-time job alerts and never miss the right job again

Source: OpenStax, Ucd bis2a intro to biology v1.2. OpenStax CNX. Sep 22, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11890/1.1

Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Ucd bis2a intro to biology v1.2' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask

	15 AP Key Terms 15 Autonomic Nervous System By OpenStax Start Key Terms
	31 Biology 31 Soil and Plant Nutrition MCQ By OpenStax Start Quiz
	Respiratory System Drugs By CB Biern Start Quiz
	23 AP 23 Digestive System Essay By OpenStax Start Flashcards
	2 Lec:2 Randomized Controlled Trials By Janet Forrester Start Quiz
	How much do you love him? By Zarina Chocolate Start Quiz
	6 AP 06 Skeletal System Essay By OpenStax Start Flashcards
	5 Microeconomics 05 Elasticity By OpenStax Start Flashcards
	2 AP Key Terms 02 Chemical Level of Organization By OpenStax Start Key Terms
	3 Lec:3 Cohort Studies By Janet Forrester Start Quiz