There are three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration. Brownian motion is the diffusion of many particles.
The
kinetic theory of
matter attempts to explain the behaviour of matter in different
phases.
The kinetic theory of matter says that all matter is
composed of
particles which have a certain
amount of
energy which allows them to
move at different speeds depending on the
temperature (energy). There are
spaces between the particles and also
attractive
forces between particles when they come close together.
Intramolecular force is the force between the atoms of a molecule, which holds
them together. Intermolecular force is a force between molecules, which holds them together.
Understanding chemical bonds, intermolecular forces and
the kinetic theory of matter can help to explain many of the
macroscopic properties of matter.
Melting point is the
temperature at which a
solid changes its
phase to become a
liquid . The reverse
process (change in phase from liquid to solid) is called
freezing . The stronger the chemical bonds and
intermolecular forces in a substance, the higher the melting point will be.
Boiling point is the
temperature at which a liquid changes phase to become a gas. The reverseprocess (change in phase from gas to liquid) is called
condensing . The stronger the
chemical bonds and intermolecular forces in a substance, the higher the boilingpoint will be.
Density is a measure
of the mass of a substance per unit volume.
Viscosity is a
measure of how resistant a liquid is to flowing.
End of chapter exercises
Give one word or term for each of the following
descriptions.
The
property that determines how easily a liquid flows.
The change in phase from liquid to gas.
If one substance A has a melting point that is
lower than the melting point of substance B, this
suggests that...
A
will be a liquid at room temperature.
The chemical bonds in substance A are weaker than those
in substance B.
The chemical bonds in substance A are stronger than
those in substance B.
B will be a gas at room temperature.
Boiling point is an important concept to understand.
Define 'boiling point'.
What change in phase takes place when a liquid reaches
its boiling point?
What is the boiling point of water?
Use the kinetic theory of matter and your knowledge of
intermolecular forces to explain why water changes phase at this temperature.
Describe a solid in terms of the kinetic molecular theory.
Refer to the table below which gives the melting and
boiling points of a number of elements and then answer the questions thatfollow. (
Data from
http://www.chemicalelements.com )
Element
Melting
point
Boiling point (
)
copper
1083
2567
magnesium
650
1107
oxygen
-218,4
-183
carbon
3500
4827
helium
-272
-268,6
sulphur
112,8
444,6
What state of matter (i.e. solid, liquid or gas) will each of
these elements be in at room temperature?
Which of these elements has the strongest forces
between its atoms? Give a reason for your answer.
Which of these elements has the weakest forces between
its atoms? Give a reason for your answer.
Questions & Answers
A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
