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1.1 An introduction to the human body Read Online
1.2 The chemical level of organization Read Online
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
Download MCQ Quiz PDF eBook
Question: A portal system is a system of vascular drainage that communicates between arteries and veins.
Choices:
True.
False.
Question: Tuberal nuclei are located in:
Choices:
Hypothalamus.
Median eminence.
Infundibulum.
Anterior lobe of pituitary.
Question: Which set of cranial nerves contains preganglionic parasympathetic axons.
Choices:
V, VII, IX, X.
IV, VI, XI, XII.
III, VII, IX, X.
I, II, VII, XI.
Question: Preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies are located in:
Choices:
Intermediate or lateral horn (T1-L2).
Intermediate or lateral horn (S2-5).
Both A and B
Edinger-Westphal, salivatory and dorsal motor nucleus of X.
Question: Horner's Syndrome can result from:
Choices:
Interruption of hypothalamospinal tract in the medulla.
Lesion of superior cervical ganglion.
Thoracic spinal cord lesion.
Lesion of sympathetic chain in thoracic region.
All of the above.
Question: Horner's Syndrome consists of miosis, ptosis, and anhidrosis. These can all be explained as due to the interruption of:
Choices:
Nerve III.
Oculomotor nucleus.
Hypothalamospinal and reticulospinal fibers.
Tuberal nuclei in the hypothalamus.
Question: What is the tuberoinfundibular tract?
Choices:
A tract carrying releasing hormones.
A tract carrying ADH and Oxytocin.
A tract carrying nerve impulses to the adenohypophysis.
A & B.
A, B & C.
Question: The third ventricle is surrounded by the following structures with the EXCEPTION of:
Choices:
Anterior commissure.
Fornix.
Posterior Commissure.
Choroid plexus.
Optic tract.
Question: The capillaries in the median eminence:
Choices:
Are sealed off by tight junctions, like most capillaries in the brain.
Are fenestrated capillaries like the kidney.
Simple fenestrated capillaries.
Question: The hypothalamohypophyseal tract
Choices:
Contains hormones packaged as granules.
Results in diabetes insipidus when severed.
Is involved in the milk letdown reflex.
Transmits nerve impulses that result in hormonal release.
All of the above.
Question: How does the region marked by the arrow communicate with the spinal cord?
Choices:
Hypothalamotegmental tract.
Hypothalamoreticular tract.
Reticulospinal tract.
Hypothalamospinal tract.
All of the above.
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