|
1.1 An introduction to the human body Read Online
1.2 The chemical level of organization Read Online
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
The course will span modern neuroscience from molecular neurobiology to perception and cognition, including the following major topics: anatomy and development of the brain; cell biology of neurons and glia; ion channels and electrical signaling; synaptic transmission, integration, and chemical systems of the brain; sensory systems, from transduction to perception; motor systems; and higher brain functions dealing with memory, language, and affective disorders.
This exam contains 80 questions each worth 1 point.
Download MCQ Exam PDF eBook
Question: A patient presents with marked weakness of his left arm, but he refuses to believe that his arm is paralyzed. When asked to copy a picture, using his right hand, he fails to accurately represent the left side of the image. His lesion is most likely in the:
Choices:
left frontal lobe
left occipital lobe
left parietal lobe
right parietal lobe
right frontal lobe
Question: A lesion in the left medial lemniscus:
Choices:
produces loss of pain and temperature sense on the left side of the body
produces loss of pain andt emperature sense on the right side of the body
produces loss of vibration and position sense on the left side of the body
produces loss of vibration and position sense on the right side of the body
produces loss of auditory information from the right ear
Question: The thalamic fasciculus contains fibers merging from the:
Choices:
ansa lenticularis + cerebellum
lenticular fasciculus + ansa lenticularis
lenticular fasciculus + cerebellum + thalamus
lenticular fasciculus + ansa lenticularis + basal ganglia
ansa lenticularis + lepticular fasciculus + cerebellum
Question: Which of the statements about the deep cerebellar nuclei is correct?
Choices:
output from the dentate nucleus projects to ipsilateral V ANL of thalamus
globose and emboliform nuclei send axons in the superior cerebellar peduncle
fastigial nucleus efferents exit primarily via the superior cerebellar peduncle
the lateral cerebellar hemispheres project primarily to the fastigial nuclei
the vermis projects primarily to the dentate nuclei
Question: The paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei:
Choices:
produce releasing hormones which diffuse into the hypophyseal portal system
project to the posterior pituitary
lead to the production of LH and FSH
make hormones which eventually reach the anterior pituitary
each produce only one hormone: ADH
Question: Occlusion of an anterior cerebral artery would most likely lead to:
Choices:
contralaterahl omonymoush emianopsia
contralaterala rmw eakness
contralateraleg weakness
Wernicke's aphasia
contralateralf acial weakness
Question: Hemisection of the spinal cord (Brown-Sequard syndrome) most often results in signs below the lesion best described as:
Choices:
ipsilateral paralysis and contralateral loss of pain and temperature
ipsilateral paralysis and contralateral loss of light touch and position sense
contralateral paralysis and ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature
contralateral paralysis and ipsilateral loss of light touch and position sense
contralateral paralysis and bilateral loss of pain and temperature
Question: The major location of noradrenaline-producing neurons in the brain is the:
Choices:
pars compacta of the substantia nigra
pars reticulata of the substantia nigra
locus ceruleus
raphe nuclei
nucleus accumbens
Question: Choroid plexus can usually be found in:
Choices:
anterior (frontal) horn of lateral ventricle
inferior (temporal) horn of lateral ventricle
floor of the third ventricle
floor of the fourth ventricle
cauda equina
Question: Fibers originatingin the dorsal root ganglia above T6 travel in:
Choices:
the ipsilateral Clark's column
the ipsilateral spinothalamic tract
the contralateral spinocerebellar tract
the ipsilateral fasciculus gracilis
the ipsilateral fasciculus cuneatus
Question: The majorsourceof inputsto the caudatenucleusis
Choices:
globus pallidus
subthalamic nucleus
putamen
association areas of the cortex,like prefrontal cortex
motorand somatosensory cortex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|