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1.1 An introduction to the human body Read Online
1.2 The chemical level of organization Read Online
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
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Question: Which of the following is false regarding primary contractions of the rumen?
Choices:
enhanced exposure to fermentative microbes to feed substrate
maceration of fibrous feeds and "mixing ingesta"
eructation of gas generated by fermentation
selective passage of small particles
enhanced VFA absorption and fluid contact with rumen wall
Question: which of the following could cause right side ping?
Choices:
Abomasal volvulus
RDA
Cecal volvulus
Pneumoperitoneum
All of the above
Question: Which of the following is false regarding hardware disease (traumatic reticuloperitonitis )
Choices:
clinical signs include fever, rumen stasis, anorexia, and anterior abdominal pain
causes rumen stasis due to pain/inflammation
cow will have a ping and right sided bloat
this occurs in the reticulum
chronic cases will not have fever
Question: Bloat is caused by excessive gas production . True /False
Choices:
True
False
Question: Which of the following diseases would most likely cause high fever, nasal discharge, coronary band lesions, oral mucosal lesions, enlarged lymph nodes, and panophthalmitis?
Choices:
BVB
Vesicular stomatitis
Bluetongue
Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Foot and mouth disease
Question: Partial esophageal obstruction caused by Tetanus could be a associated with recurrent bloat . True/False
Choices:
True
False
Question: A cow presents with excessive salivation and large areas of sloughed mucosa on tongue. What is your next step?
Choices:
Call the state veterinarian immediately
Call the state veterinarian after doing a CBC and BioChem panel
Dont call the state veterinarian until you know this is Rabies
Draw blood samples to check for BVD
Float teeth to remove sharp points that are cutting the tongue
Question: What is the single biggest reason for decreased production in cattle?
Choices:
Stomatitis
Rabies
Pharyngitis
Broken mouth
Question: What is the single most important viral disease in cattle that typically causes oral cutaneous lesions?
Choices:
Bluetongue
Actinomyces bovis
Foot and mouth disease
Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF)
BVD
Question: A ruminant has anorexia and rumen hypomotility or atony. Which of the following clinical findings most strongly suggests that the rumen abnormality is a secondary problem due to disease in the abomasum or intestinal tract?
Choices:
bilateral ventral abdominal distention
high rumen fluid chloride
abnormal rumen pH
"ping" on the left paralumbar fossa
Question: Which of the following is false regarding BVD ?
Choices:
Cattle can have bloody diarrhea , cutaneous lesions in the mouth, or be clinically normal.
Cattle can be lame and have interdigital lesions that cause pain
BVD looks similar to Salmonella
BVD is a respiratory disease that becomes systemic.
BVD can be immunosuppressive since the Peyers patches are necrotic
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