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I suggest that you begin by compiling and running the following files to confirm that everything is working correctly on your machine before attemptingto compile and run the spectral analysis programs:
Make sure that you create an appropriate file named Dsp029.txt , as described in Figure 2 . You should be able to reproduce my results if everything is working correctly.
Once you confirm that things are working correctly, copy, compile, and run the spectral analysis programs. Experiment with the parameters and try tounderstand the result of making changes to the parameters. Confirm the flexibility of the DFT algorithm and the speed of the FFT algorithm.
In this module I have provided and explained programs that illustrate the impact of sampling and the Nyquist folding frequency.
I have also provided and explained several different programs used for performing spectral analysis. The first program was a very general program thatimplements a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) algorithm. I explained this program in detail.
The second program was a less general, but much faster program that implements a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. I will defer an explanation of this program until a future module. I provided it in this moduleso that you can use it and compare it with the DFT program in terms of speed and flexibility.
Future modules will discuss other aspects of spectral analysis including:
Complete listings of all the programs discussed in this module follow.
| Listing 16. Dsp029.java. |
|---|
/* File Dsp029.java
Copyright 2004, R.G.BaldwinRev 5/6/04
Generates and displays up to five sinusoidshaving different frequencies and amplitudes. Very
useful for providing a visual illustration of theway in which frequencies above half the sampling
frequency fold back down into the area boundedby zero and half the sampling frequency (the
Nyquist folding frequency).Gets input parameters from a file named
Dsp029.txt. If that file doesn't exist in thecurrent directory, the program uses a set of
default parameters.Each parameter value must be stored as characters
on a separate line in the file named Dsp029.txt.The required parameters are as follows:
Data length as type intNumber of sinusoids as type int. Max value is 5.
List of sinusoid frequency values as type double.List of sinusoid amplitude values as type double.
The number of values in each of the lists mustmatch the value for the number of spectra.
Note: All frequency values are specified as adouble representing a fractional part of the
sampling frequency.Here is a set of sample parameter values. Don't
allow blank lines at the end of the data in thefile.
400.05
0.10.9
1.11.9
2.190
9090
9090
The plotting program that is used to plot theoutput data from this program requires that the
program implement GraphIntfc01. For example,the plotting program named Graph06 can be used
to plot the data produced by this program. Whenit is used, the usage information is:
java Graph06 Dsp029Tested using SDK 1.4.2 under WinXP.
************************************************/import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;class Dsp029 implements GraphIntfc01{
final double pi = Math.PI;//for simplification//Begin default parameters
int len = 400;//data lengthint numberSinusoids = 5;
//Frequencies of the sinusoids
double[]freq = {0.1,0.25,0.5,0.75,0.9};
//Amplitudes of the sinusoidsdouble[] amp = {75,75,75,75,75};//End default parameters
//Following arrays will be populated with// sinusoidal data to be plotted
double[]data1 = new double[len];double[] data2 = new double[len];
double[]data3 = new double[len];double[] data4 = new double[len];
double[]data5 = new double[len];public Dsp029(){//constructor
//Get the parameters from a file named// Dsp029.txt. Use the default parameters
// if the file doesn't exist in the current// directory.
if(new File("Dsp029.txt").exists()){getParameters();
}//end if//Note that this program always generates
// five sinusoids, even if fewer than five// were requested as the input parameter
// for numberSinusoids. In that case, the// extras are generated using default values
// and simply ignored when the results are// plotted.
//Create the raw data. Note that the// argument for a sinusoid at half the
// sampling frequency would be (2*pi*x*0.5).// This would represent one half cycle or pi
// radians per sample.for(int n = 0;n<len;n++){
data1[n]= amp[0]*Math.cos(2*pi*n*freq[0]);
data2[n]= amp[1]*Math.cos(2*pi*n*freq[1]);
data3[n]= amp[2]*Math.cos(2*pi*n*freq[2]);
data4[n]= amp[3]*Math.cos(2*pi*n*freq[3]);
data5[n]= amp[4]*Math.cos(2*pi*n*freq[4]);
}//end for loop}//end constructor
//-------------------------------------------////This method gets processing parameters from
// a file named Dsp029.txt and stores those// parameters in instance variables belonging
// to the object of type Dsp029.void getParameters(){
int cnt = 0;//Temporary holding area for strings. Allow
// space for a few blank lines at the end// of the data in the file.
String[]data = new String[20];try{
//Open an input stream.BufferedReader inData =
new BufferedReader(new FileReader("Dsp029.txt"));
//Read and save the strings from each of// the lines in the file. Be careful to
// avoid having blank lines at the end,// which may cause an ArrayIndexOutOfBounds
// exception to be thrown.while((data[cnt] =inData.readLine()) != null){
cnt++;}//end while
inData.close();}catch(IOException e){}
//Move the parameter values from the// temporary holding array into the instance
// variables, converting from characters to// numeric values in the process.
cnt = 0;len = (int)Double.parseDouble(data[cnt++]);numberSinusoids = (int)Double.parseDouble(
data[cnt++]);
for(int fCnt = 0;fCnt<numberSinusoids;
fCnt++){freq[fCnt] = Double.parseDouble(data[cnt++]);}//end for loop
for(int aCnt = 0;aCnt<numberSinusoids;
aCnt++){amp[aCnt] = Double.parseDouble(data[cnt++]);}//end for loop
//Print parameter values.System.out.println();
System.out.println("Data length: " + len);System.out.println(
"Number sinusoids: " + numberSinusoids);System.out.println("Frequencies");
for(cnt = 0;cnt<numberSinusoids;cnt++){
System.out.println(freq[cnt]);
}//end for loopSystem.out.println("Amplitudes");
for(cnt = 0;cnt<numberSinusoids;cnt++){
System.out.println(amp[cnt]);
}//end for loop}//end getParameters
//-------------------------------------------////The following six methods are required by the
// interface named GraphIntfc01. The plotting// program pulls the data values to be plotted
// by calling these methods.public int getNmbr(){
//Return number of functions to// process. Must not exceed 5.
return numberSinusoids;}//end getNmbr
//-------------------------------------------//public double f1(double x){
int index = (int)Math.round(x);if(index<0 ||
index>data1.length-1){
return 0;}else{
return data1[index];
}//end else}//end function
//-------------------------------------------//public double f2(double x){
int index = (int)Math.round(x);if(index<0 ||
index>data2.length-1){
return 0;}else{
return data2[index];
}//end else}//end function
//-------------------------------------------//public double f3(double x){
int index = (int)Math.round(x);if(index<0 ||
index>data3.length-1){
return 0;}else{
return data3[index];
}//end else}//end function
//-------------------------------------------//public double f4(double x){
int index = (int)Math.round(x);if(index<0 ||
index>data4.length-1){
return 0;}else{
return data4[index];
}//end else}//end function
//-------------------------------------------//public double f5(double x){
int index = (int)Math.round(x);if(index<0 ||
index>data5.length-1){
return 0;}else{
return data5[index];
}//end else}//end function
//-------------------------------------------//}//end class Dsp029 |
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