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Addition/subtraction property of equality

From this, we can suggest the addition/subtraction property of equality .
Given any equation,
  1. We can obtain an equivalent equation by adding the same number to both sides of the equation.
  2. We can obtain an equivalent equation by subtracting the same number from both sides of the equation.

The idea behind equation solving

The idea behind equation solving is to isolate the variable on one side of the equation. Signs of operation (+, -, ⋅,÷) are used to associate two numbers. For example, in the expression 5 + 3 size 12{5+3} {} , the numbers 5 and 3 are associated by addition. An association can be undone by performing the opposite operation. The addition/subtraction property of equality can be used to undo an association that is made by addition or subtraction.

Subtraction is used to undo an addition.

Addition is used to undo a subtraction.

The procedure is illustrated in the problems of [link] .

Sample set b

Use the addition/subtraction property of equality to solve each equation.

x + 4 = 6 size 12{x+4=6} {} .
4 is associated with x size 12{x} {} by addition. Undo the association by subtracting 4 from both sides.

x + 4 4 = 6 4 x + 0 = 2 x = 2 alignl { stack { size 12{x+4 - 4=6 - 4} {} #size 12{x+0=2} {} # size 12{x=2} {}} } {}

Check: When x = 2 size 12{x=2} {} , x + 4 size 12{x+4} {} becomes

Does 2 + 4 = 6? Yes.

The solution to x + 4 = 6 size 12{x+4=6} {} is x = 2 size 12{x=2} {} .

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m 8 = 5 size 12{m - 8=5} {} . 8 is associated with m size 12{m} {} by subtraction. Undo the association by adding 8 to both sides.

m 8 + 8 = 5 + 8 m + 0 = 13 m = 13 alignl { stack { size 12{m - 8+8=5+8} {} #size 12{m+0="13"} {} # size 12{m="13"} {}} } {}

Check: When m = 13 size 12{m="13"} {} ,

becomes
m - 8 = 5. After substituting, does 13 - 8 = 5? Yes.
a true statement.

The solution to m 8 = 5 size 12{m - 8=5} {} is m = 13 size 12{m="13"} {} .

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3 5 = y 2 + 8 size 12{ - 3 - 5=y - 2+8} {} . Before we use the addition/subtraction property, we should simplify as much as possible.

3 5 = y 2 + 8 size 12{ - 3 - 5=y - 2+8} {}

8 = y + 6 size 12{ - 8=y+6} {}
6 is associated with y size 12{y} {} by addition. Undo the association by subtracting 6 from both sides.

8 6 = y + 6 6 14 = y + 0 14 = y alignl { stack { size 12{ - 8 - 6=y+6 - 6} {} #size 12{ - "14"=y+0} {} # size 12{ - "14"=y} {}} } {}
This is equivalent to y = 14 size 12{y= - "14"} {} .

Check: When y = 14 size 12{y= - "14"} {} ,

3 5 = y 2 + 8 size 12{ - 3 - 5=y - 2+8} {}

becomes
Does negative 3 minus 5 equal negative 14 minus 2 plus 8? Yes. ,
a true statement.

The solution to 3 5 = y 2 + 8 size 12{ - 3 - 5=y - 2+8} {} is y = 14 size 12{y= - "14"} {} .

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5a + 1 + 6a = 2 size 12{ - 5a+1+6a= - 2} {} . Begin by simplifying the left side of the equation.

- 5 a + 1 + 6 a - 5 + 6 = 1 = - 2

a + 1 = 2 size 12{a+1= - 2} {} 1 is associated with a size 12{a} {} by addition. Undo the association by subtracting 1 from both sides.

a + 1 1 = 2 1 a + 0 = 3 a = 3 alignl { stack { size 12{a+1 - 1= - 2 - 1} {} #size 12{a+0= - 3} {} # size 12{a= - 3} {}} } {}

Check: When a = 3 size 12{a= - 3} {} ,

5a + 1 + 6a = 2 size 12{ - 5a+1+6a= - 2} {}

becomes
Does negative 5 times negative 3 plus 1 plus 6 times negative 3 equal negative 2? Yes. ,
a true statement.

The solution to 5 a + 1 + 6 a = 2 size 12{ - 5a+1+6a= - 2} {} is a = 3 size 12{a= - 3} {} .

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7 k 4 = 6 k + 1 size 12{7k - 4=6k+1} {} . In this equation, the variable appears on both sides. We need to isolate it on one side. Although we can choose either side, it will be more convenient to choose the side with the larger coefficient. Since 8 is greater than 6, we’ll isolate k size 12{k} {} on the left side.

7 k 4 = 6 k + 1 size 12{7k - 4=6k+1} {} Since 6 k size 12{6k} {} represents + 6 k size 12{+6k} {} , subtract 6 k size 12{6k} {} from each side.

7 k - 4 - 6 k 7 - 6 = 1 = 6 k + 1 - 6 k 6 - 6 = 0

k 4 = 1 size 12{k - 4=1} {} 4 is associated with k size 12{k} {} by subtraction. Undo the association by adding 4 to both sides.

k 4 + 4 = 1 + 4 k = 5 alignl { stack { size 12{k - 4+4=1+4} {} #size 12{k=5} {} } } {}

Check: When k = 5 size 12{k=5} {} ,

7 k 4 = 6 k + 1 size 12{7k - 4=6k+1} {}

becomes
Does 7 times 5 minus 4 equal 6 times 5 plus 1? Yes.
a true statement.

The solution to 7 k 4 = 6 k + 1 size 12{7k - 4=6k+1} {} is k = 5 size 12{k=5} {} .

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8 + x = 5 size 12{ - 8+x=5} {} . -8 is associated with x size 12{x} {} by addition. Undo the by subtracting -8 from both sides. Subtracting -8 we get 8 =+ 8 size 12{ - left ( - 8 right )"=+"8} {} . We actually add 8 to both sides.

8 + x + 8 = 5 + 8 size 12{ - 8+x+8=5+8} {}

x = 13 size 12{x="13"} {}

Check: When x = 13 size 12{x="13"} {}

8 + x = 5 size 12{ - 8+x=5} {}

becomes
Does negative 8 plus 13 equal 5? Yes. ,
a true statement.

The solution to 8 + x = 5 size 12{ - 8+x=5} {} is x = 13 size 12{x="13"} {} .

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Practice set b

y + 9 = 4 size 12{y+9=4} {}

y = 5 size 12{y= - 5} {}

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a 4 = 11 size 12{a - 4="11"} {}

a = 15 size 12{a="15"} {}

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1 + 7 = x + 3 size 12{ - 1+7=x+3} {}

x = 3 size 12{x=3} {}

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8 m + 4 7 m = 2 3 size 12{8m+4 - 7m= left ( - 2 right ) left ( - 3 right )} {}

m = 2 size 12{m=2} {}

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12 k 4 = 9 k 6 + 2 k size 12{"12"k - 4=9k - 6+2k} {}

k = 2 size 12{k= - 2} {}

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3 + a = 4 size 12{ - 3+a= - 4} {}

a = 1 size 12{a= - 1} {}

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Exercises

For the following 10 problems, verify that each given value is a solution to the given equation.

x 11 = 5 size 12{x - "11"=5} {} , x = 16 size 12{x="16"} {}

Substitute x = 4 size 12{x=4} {} into the equation 4 x 11 = 5 size 12{4x - "11"=5} {} .
16 11 = 5 5 = 5 alignl { stack { size 12{"16" - "11"=5} {} #size 12{5=5} {} } } {}
x = 4 size 12{x=4} {} is a solution.

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y 4 = 6 size 12{y - 4= - 6} {} , y = 2 size 12{y= - 2} {}

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2 m 1 = 1 size 12{2m - 1=1} {} , m = 1 size 12{m=1} {}

Substitute m = 1 size 12{m=1} {} into the equation 2 m 1 = 1 size 12{2m - 1=1} {} .
Does 2 minus 1 equal 1? Yes.
m = 1 size 12{m=1} {} is a solution.

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5 y + 6 = 14 size 12{5y+6= - "14"} {} , y = 4 size 12{y= - 4} {}

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3x + 2 7x = 5x 6 size 12{3x+2 - 7x= - 5x - 6} {} , x = 8 size 12{x= - 8} {}

Substitute x = 8 size 12{x= - 8} {} into the equation 3x + 2 7 = 5x 6 size 12{3x+2 - 7= - 5x - 6} {} .
Does negative 24 plus 2 minus 7 equal 40 minus 6? Yes.
x = 8 size 12{x= - 8} {} is a solution.

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6 a + 3 + 3 a = 4 a + 7 3 a size 12{ - 6a+3+3a=4a+7 - 3a} {} , a = 1 size 12{a= - 1} {}

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8 + x = 8 size 12{ - 8+x= - 8} {} , x = 0 size 12{x=0} {}

Substitute x = 0 size 12{x=0} {} into the equation 8 + x = 8 size 12{ - 8+x= - 8} {} .
Does negative 8 plus 0 equal negative 8? Yes.
x = 0 size 12{x=0} {} is a solution.

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8 b + 6 = 6 5 b size 12{8b+6=6 - 5b} {} , b = 0 size 12{b=0} {}

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4 x 5 = 6 x 20 size 12{4x - 5=6x - "20"} {} , x = 15 2 size 12{x= { {"15"} over {2} } } {}

Substitute x = 15 2 size 12{x= { {"15"} over {2} } } {} into the equation 4 x 5 = 6 x 20 size 12{4x - 5=6x - "20"} {} .
Does 30 minus 5 equal 45 minus 20? Yes.
x = 15 2 size 12{x= { {"15"} over {2} } } {} is a solution.

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3 y + 7 = 2 y 15 size 12{ - 3y+7=2y - "15"} {} , y = 22 5 size 12{y= { {"22"} over {5} } } {}

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Solve each equation. Be sure to check each result.

y 6 = 5 size 12{y - 6=5} {}

y = 11 size 12{y="11"} {}

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m + 8 = 4 size 12{m+8=4} {}

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k 1 = 4 size 12{k - 1=4} {}

k = 5 size 12{k=5} {}

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h 9 = 1 size 12{h - 9=1} {}

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a + 5 = 4 size 12{a+5= - 4} {}

a = 9 size 12{a= - 9} {}

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b 7 = 1 size 12{b - 7= - 1} {}

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x + 4 9 = 6 size 12{x+4 - 9=6} {}

x = 11 size 12{x="11"} {}

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y 8 + 10 = 2 size 12{y - 8+"10"=2} {}

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z + 6 = 6 size 12{z+6=6} {}

z = 0 size 12{z=0} {}

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w 4 = 4 size 12{w - 4= - 4} {}

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x + 7 9 = 6 size 12{x+7 - 9=6} {}

x = 8 size 12{x=8} {}

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y 2 + 5 = 4 size 12{y - 2+5=4} {}

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m + 3 8 = 6 + 2 size 12{m+3 - 8= - 6+2} {}

m = 1 size 12{m=1} {}

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z + 10 8 = 8 + 10 size 12{z+"10" - 8= - 8+"10"} {}

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2 + 9 = k 8 size 12{2+9=k - 8} {}

k = 19 size 12{k="19"} {}

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5 + 3 = h 4 size 12{ - 5+3=h - 4} {}

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3 m 4 = 2 m + 6 size 12{3m - 4=2m+6} {}

m = 10 size 12{m="10"} {}

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5 a + 6 = 4 a 8 size 12{5a+6=4a - 8} {}

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8 b + 6 + 2 b = 3 b 7 + 6 b 8 size 12{8b+6+2b=3b - 7+6b - 8} {}

b = 21 size 12{b= - "21"} {}

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12 h 1 3 5 h = 2 h + 5 h + 3 ( 4 ) size 12{"12"h - 1 - 3 - 5h=2h+5h+3 \( - 4 \) } {}

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4 a + 5 2 a = 3 a 11 2 a size 12{ - 4a+5 - 2a= - 3a - "11" - 2a} {}

a = 16 size 12{a="16"} {}

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9 n 2 6 + 5 n = 3 n 2 5 6 n size 12{ - 9n - 2 - 6+5n=3n - left (2 right ) left ( - 5 right ) - 6n} {}

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Calculator exercises

y 2 . 161 = 5 . 063 size 12{y - 2 "." "161"=5 "." "063"} {}

y = 7 . 224 size 12{y=7 "." "224"} {}

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a 44 . 0014 = 21 . 1625 size 12{a - "44" "." "0014"= - "21" "." "1625"} {}

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0 . 362 0 . 416 = 5 . 63 m 4 . 63 m size 12{ - 0 "." "362" - 0 "." "416"=5 "." "63"m - 4 "." "63"m} {}

m = 0 . 778 size 12{m= - 0 "." "778"} {}

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8 . 078 9 . 112 = 2 . 106 y 1 . 106 y size 12{8 "." "078" - 9 "." "112"=2 "." "106"y - 1 "." "106"y} {}

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4 . 23 k + 3 . 18 = 3 . 23 k 5 . 83 size 12{4 "." "23"k+3 "." "18"=3 "." "23"k - 5 "." "83"} {}

k = 9 . 01 size 12{k= - 9 "." "01"} {}

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6 . 1185 x 4 . 0031 = 5 . 1185 x 0 . 0058 size 12{6 "." "1185"x - 4 "." "0031"=5 "." "1185"x - 0 "." "0058"} {}

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21 . 63 y + 12 . 40 5 . 09 y = 6 . 11 y 15 . 66 + 9 . 43 y size 12{"21" "." "63"y+"12" "." "40" - 5 "." "09"y=6 "." "11"y - "15" "." "66"+9 "." "43"y} {}

y = 28 . 06 size 12{y= - "28" "." "06"} {}

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0 . 029 a 0 . 013 0 . 034 0 . 057 = 0 . 038 + 0 . 56 + 1 . 01 a size 12{0 "." "029"a - 0 "." "013" - 0 "." "034" - 0 "." "057"= - 0 "." "038"+0 "." "56"+1 "." "01"a} {}

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Exercises for review

( [link] ) Is 7 calculators 12 students size 12{ { {7" calculators"} over {"12"" students"} } } {} an example of a ratio or a rate?

rate

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( [link] ) Convert 3 8 size 12{ {3} over {8} } {} % to a decimal.

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( [link] ) 0.4% of what number is 0.014?

3.5

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( [link] ) Use the clustering method to estimate the sum: 89 + 93 + 206 + 198 + 91 size 12{"89"+"93"+"206"+"198"+"91"} {}

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( [link] ) Combine like terms: 4 x + 8 y + 12 y + 9 x 2 y size 12{4x+8y+"12"y+9x - 2y} {} .

13 x + 18 y size 12{"13"x+"18"y} {}

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Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
what is titration
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what is physics
Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
what is the dimension formula of energy?
David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
what is inorganic
emma Reply
what is chemistry
Youesf Reply
what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
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2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
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you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
what's motion
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what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
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Muhammad Reply
fine, how about you?
Mohammed
hi
Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Fundamentals of mathematics. OpenStax CNX. Aug 18, 2010 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10615/1.4
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