0.2 Part two: special topics  (Page 10/39)

• Rally support for literacy
• Make the plight of the illiterate and their children known
• Raise the issues, discuss the trends, face the challenges

In this module, we focus on the elements of literacy training itself for the adult learner with the idea that teaching parents toread also helps educate children.

Orientation to adult learning

In these courses, we have often discussed the need to use appropriate pedagogies (teaching methods) in order to reach thedevelopmental levels of the children we teach. At the same time, it is necessary to know the mindset and characteristics of adult learners. Here,we discuss the mental, physical, social, and psychological features of adults. We can call the teaching methods that serve adults as "androgogy."

Mental Development and Androgogy

Adults have an improved ability to integrate their senses and logical abilities by relying on experience and judgments. Theself-concept of adults derives from a greater sense of inner satisfaction and strength. Adults distinguish between issues of greater and lesserimportance.

At the same time, some adults experience declining eyesight and hearing. The seating arrangements for classes should be morecircular than linear, ensuring equal access to the teacher and a feeling of equality. It is important that writing on slate or blackboard be clear andlarge enough to accommodate those with declining eyesight. In a similar fashion, it is essential that the teacher speak clearly and loudly, androtate around the classroom in order that all can hear what is being said.

The room itself should be spacious, properly ventilated, and bright. It should also be protected from adverse weatherconditions. Furniture should be comfortable for adults in whatever form - mats, chairs, or desks.

The materials themselves should be adult-related and take on the issues and problems that adults address on a daily basis and thatreflect their concerns. Although the material should move from easy to more complex, content should never patronize adults.

Motivation and adult learners

Physical Factors

Adult learners are busy people. There are several issues such learners consider when participating in literacy circles orcommittees:

• The location of the literacy or community centre, i.e. distance from the learners' homes.
• Safety along the route at any time of the day or night.
• A schedule that allows the person time to attend. (Some schedules may distinguish against certain types of working situations.)
• The make-up of the group and whether one feels accepted and welcomed into the group.
• The quality of teaching staff, equipment, and materials.
• The degree to which the site is welcoming, safe, and comfortable.

Social Factors

Adult learners seek a way to improve their social status; increase their sense of belonging; gain social recognition; andparticipate in the affairs of their community. Many seek to overcome feelings of inferiority brought about by illiteracy - to overcomeembarrassment and discomfort. They seek to be admired by others; to satisfy curiosity; and to win the affection and respect of others.