1.3 Punctuation, gender, dictionary

LO 6

LANGUAGE STRUCTURE AND USE The learner will know and be able to use the sounds, words and grammar of the language to create and interpret texts.

We know this when the learner:

6.2 uses language forms and structures to communicate orally and in writing:

6.2.3 uses the passive voice to communicate orally and in writing: present passive voice;

6.3 understands and uses simple sentence structure:

6.3.2 analyses simple sentences (e.g. The light bulb/was invented/ in 1877);

6.4 develops own vocabulary:

6.4.1 analyses word formation;

6.4.2 uses a personal dictionary;

6.4.3 understands between 3 000 and 4 500 common spoken words in context by the end of grade 5.

Memorandum

ACTIVITY 1

1. The District Six Museum is an interesting place to visit.

2. You can visit the place from Monday to Friday, but not on Christmas Day.

3. I read that it is in Buitenkant Street, Cape Town.

4. It tells of the people who live on the slopes of Table Mountain.

a) A full stop is used at the end of a sentence

E.g. The tourist walked up the mountain.

b) ? A question mark is used at the end of a question.

E.g. Where are you going?

c) ! An exclamation mark is used to show emotion, such as anger, fear, surprise, shock.

E.g. Help! I am falling!

STOP! CHECK! REWRITE CORRECTLY!

1. Take a stroll up Lion’s Head at full moon.

2. No!

3. Would you like to know more about Robben Island?

4. May I book your ticket to the island?

5. Please let me go!

6. He underwent the operation in December 1967 at Groote Schuur.

Commas are used in various ways , such as -

1. to separate items in a list;
2. to separate the name of the person being spoken to from the rest of the sentence;
3. before ‘yes’ and ‘no’ in the beginning of the sentence;
4. when additional information is inserted into the sentence.

Activity : Match the examples below to the rules listed above.

• Yes, Dina Knoetze wrote a book about birds. (3)
• Birds, bees, squirrels, fish and butterflies can fly. (1)
• No, I cannot fly without wings. (3)
• The bat, a mammal, flies in an expert fashion. (4)
• Ayanda, did you know that squirrels can fly? (2)
• The Arctic tern, a bird, flies a distance of 40 000 km each year. (4)
• “The flying fish leaps out of the water to escape from enemies, John.” (2)
• Nature has designed birds, animals, insects and plants in such a way that they can fly, glide or become air-borne! (1)

STOP! CHECK! CORRECT!

1. You will see Camps Bay, Clifton, Signal Hill and the harbour.

2. Xolo, an ex-inmate, will take you on a tour of the island.

3. No, I do not wish to go along.

4. Yes, I don’t mind carrying the picnic basket up the mountain.

5. Peter, my friend, is looking forward to the trip.

6. Mark, are you also going to the Transplant Museum?

Write out the following sentences, using capital letters, full stops, commas, question marks and exclamation marks where necessary:

1. Are you going to surf at Noordhoek Beach on Saturday?

2. Do tourists often go to the Castle in Cape Town?

3. I went para-gliding, abseiling, mountain biking and sandboarding.

4. Have you tried South African foods before?

5. Siswe, a chef from Limpopo, specialises in crocodile steaks.

Words and gender

1. gander
2. stallion
3. drake
4. she
5. cow
6. his
7. aunt
8. lioness
9. bitch
10. hen
11. squaw

Use the list provided below in order to complete the following sentences :

1. bachelor
2. niece
3. widow
4. cow ; bull
5. she ; sister
6. daughter
7. actresses

Word formation and the dictionary:

These words begin with prefixes. The following are suitable meanings

ACTIVITY 4

• Practise the following method of learning spelling with your learners. Enforce it regularly.

Spelling and vocabulary

Try this method to remember how to spell the words -

• Study the word.
• Cover it up!
• ABC! Try to spell it!
• Write it.
• Check your word!

Word formation

SH AKE TH E WH IP!!

To reach the coffee on the shelf stand on tiptoe and stretch yourself!

I'm so thirsty I need a drink.

Water tastes so awful, so I think !

Little BoBeep has lost her sheep – where would they be fast asleep?

Thunder and lightning makes me quiver

I get so scared I start to shiver !