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- Calculus volume 3
- Vector calculus
- The divergence theorem
Key concepts
- The divergence theorem relates a surface integral across closed surface
S to a triple integral over the solid enclosed by
S . The divergence theorem is a higher dimensional version of the flux form of Green’s theorem, and is therefore a higher dimensional version of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
- The divergence theorem can be used to transform a difficult flux integral into an easier triple integral and vice versa.
- The divergence theorem can be used to derive Gauss’ law, a fundamental law in electrostatics.
Key equations
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Divergence theorem
For the following exercises, use a computer algebraic system (CAS) and the divergence theorem to evaluate surface integral
for the given choice of
F and the boundary surface
S. For each closed surface, assume
N is the outward unit normal vector.
[T]
S is the surface of hemisphere
together with disk
in the
xy -plane.
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[T]
S is the surface bounded above by sphere
and below by cone
in spherical coordinates. (Think of
S as the surface of an “ice cream cone.”)
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[T]
S is the surface bounded by cylinder
and planes
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[T] Surface integral
where
S is the solid bounded by paraboloid
and plane
and
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Use the divergence theorem to calculate surface integral
where
and
S is upper hemisphere
oriented upward.
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Use the divergence theorem to calculate surface integral
where
and S is the surface bounded by cylinder
and planes
and
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Use the divergence theorem to calculate surface integral
when
and
S is the surface of the box with vertices
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Use the divergence theorem to calculate surface integral
when
and
S is a part of paraboloid
that lies above plane
and is oriented upward.
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[T] Use a CAS and the divergence theorem to calculate flux
where
and
S is a sphere with center (0, 0) and radius 2.
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Use the divergence theorem to compute the value of flux integral
where
and
S is the area of the region bounded by
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Use the divergence theorem to compute flux integral
where
and
S consists of the union of paraboloid
and disk
oriented outward. What is the flux through just the paraboloid?
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Source:
OpenStax, Calculus volume 3. OpenStax CNX. Feb 05, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11966/1.2
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