3.1 World cloning policies  (Page 4/4)

United kingdom

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• Therapeutic cloning is regulated by Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in order to understand the development of embryos and to develop treatments for serious disease.

Asia

China

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• "Guidelines for Research on Human Embryonic Stem Cells" released in 2004 by China's Ministry of Science and Technology, and Ministry of Health.

India

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• The Indian Council of Medical Research released the Consultative Document on Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research on Human Subjects (2000), which cover the guidelines.

Japan

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• Production of cloned human embryos will be limited to basic research or regenerative medicine only (Bioethics Committee of the Council for Science and Technology Policy).

Singapore

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• The law allows the harvesting of stem cells from cloned human embryos, but it prohibits cloned embryos from developing more than two weeks.

South korea (republic of korea)

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• The government approved research on somatic cell nuclear transfer based on guidelines of National Ethics Committees.

Taiwan (republic of china)

• Embryonic stem cell research is allowed on excess stocks of embryos produced naturally for artificial insemination.
• Reproductive and therapeutic cloning are banned, as is the creation of embryos for research purposes.

Thailand

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.

Vietnam

• Embryonic stem cell research is not specifically prohibited, but therapeutic and reproductive cloning are.
• Human cloning and surrogacy banned as of May 2003.

Oceania

Australia

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• Researchers must apply for a license to experiment with embryos

New zealand

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• In 2004, the Human Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill was amended to ban reproductive cloning and genetically engineered babies.

Middle east

Egypt

• Bans reproductive cloning and potentially therapeutic cloning.
• The researcher is prohibited from conducting research involving mixing lineages.

Iran

• Embryonic stem cell research is permitted.

Israel

• Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning is permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
• Human reproductive cloning and germline genetic engineering is prohibited.

Africa

South africa

• Embryonic stem cell research is permitted, but all forms of cloning (reproductive and therapeutic) are banned.

Tunisia

• Embryonic stem cell research is not specifically prohibited, but therapeutic and reproductive cloning are as of 1997.
• The law states that any technology related to human cloning is banned.

References and further suggested readings

• The Database of Global Policies on Human Cloning and Germ-line Engineering: (External Link)
• Global Lawyers and Physician for Human Rights: (External Link)
• Stem Cell Policy: World Stem Cell Map: www.mbbnet.umn.edu/scmap.html
• European Commission, Directorate General–Research: Survey on opinions from National Ethics Committees or similar bodies, public debate, and national legislation in relation to human embryonic stem cell research and use. Volume I: EU Member States, July 2004: (External Link) , Volume II: Countries associated to FP6 and Third Countries, July 2004: (External Link)
• UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization). National Legislation Concerning Human Reproductive and Therapeutic Cloning, July 2004: (External Link)
• The International Stem Cell Forum (May 2007) http://www.stemcellforum.org
• The Hinxton Group World Policies Website (May 2007): http://hinxtongroup.org/wp.html
• The Hinxton Group Consensus Statement, March 2006: (External Link) .
• The Phoebe R. Berman Bioethics Institute. (March 2006) International Policy Trends: Embryonic Stem Cell Research.

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