Basic physics for medical imaging

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Introduction: the nature of science and physics

Introduction to science and the realm of physics, physical quantities,

1 Physics: an introduction

2 Physical quantities and units

3 Accuracy, precision, and significant figures

4 Approximation

5 Selected radioactive isotopes

6 Glossary of key symbols and notation

Physics of hearing

Introduction to the physics of hearing

2 Speed of sound, frequency, and wavelength

3 Sound intensity and sound level

4 Doppler effect and sonic booms

5 Sound interference and resonance: standing waves in air columns

7.1 Ultrasound in medical therapy

7.2 Ultrasound in medical diagnostics

7.3 Calculate velocity of blood: doppler-shifted ultrasound

7.4 Section summary

7.5 Conceptual questions

7.6 Problems & Exercises

Introduction to magnetism

2 Ferromagnets and electromagnets

3 Magnetic fields and magnetic field lines

4 Magnetic field strength: force on a moving charge in a magnetic field

5 Force on a moving charge in a magnetic field: examples and applications

6 The hall effect

7 Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor

8 Torque on a current loop: motors and meters

9 Magnetic fields produced by currents: ampere’s law

10 Magnetic force between two parallel conductors

11 More applications of magnetism

Electromagnetic waves

Introduction to electromagnetic waves

1 Maxwell’s equations: electromagnetic waves predicted and observed

2 Production of electromagnetic waves

3 The electromagnetic spectrum

3.1 Transmission, reflection, and absorption

3.2 Radio and tv waves

3.3 Fm radio waves

3.4 Radio wave interference

3.6 Heating with microwaves

3.7 Infrared radiation

3.8 Visible light

3.9 Integrated concept problem: correcting vision with lasers

3.10 Ultraviolet radiation

3.11 Human exposure to uv radiation

3.12 Uv light and the ozone layer

3.13 Benefits of uv light

3.15 Gamma rays

3.16 Detecting electromagnetic waves from space

3.17 Section summary

3.18 Conceptual questions

3.19 Problems & Exercises

4 Energy in electromagnetic waves

Introduction to quantum physics

Introduction to quantum physics

1 Quantization of energy

2 The photoelectric effect

3 Photon energies and the electromagnetic spectrum

3.1 Ionizing radiation

3.2 Visible light

3.3 Lower-energy photons

3.4 Section summary

3.5 Conceptual questions

3.6 Problems & Exercises

4 Photon momentum

5 The particle-wave duality

6 The wave nature of matter

7 Probability: the heisenberg uncertainty principle

8 The particle-wave duality reviewed

Introduction to atomic physics

1 Discovery of the atom

2 Discovery of the parts of the atom: electrons and nuclei

3 Bohr’s theory of the hydrogen atom

4 X rays: atomic origins and applications

5 Applications of atomic excitations and de-excitations

6 The wave nature of matter causes quantization

7 Patterns in spectra reveal more quantization

8 Quantum numbers and rules

9 The pauli exclusion principle

Radioactivity and nuclear physics

Introduction to radioactivity and nuclear physics

1 Nuclear radioactivity

2 Radiation detection and detectors

3 Substructure of the nucleus

4 Nuclear decay and conservation laws

4.1 Alpha decay

4.3 Gamma decay

4.4 Section summary

4.5 Conceptual questions

4.6 Problems & Exercises

5 Half-life and activity

6 Binding energy

Medical applications of nuclear physics

Introduction to applications of nuclear physics

1 Medical imaging and diagnostics

2 Biological effects of ionizing radiation

3 Therapeutic uses of ionizing radiation

Source: OpenStax, Basic physics for medical imaging. OpenStax CNX. Feb 17, 2014 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11630/1.1

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