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| 31. | normal range | range of values around the set point that do not cause a reaction by the control center |
| 32. | nutrient | chemical obtained from foods and beverages that is critical to human survival |
| 33. | organ system | group of organs that work together to carry out a particular function |
| 34. | organism | living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life |
| 35. | organ | functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissues |
| 36. | pericardium | sac that encloses the heart |
| 37. | peritoneum | serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs found there |
| 38. | physiology | science that studies the chemistry, biochemistry, and physics of the body's functions |
| 39. | plane | imaginary two-dimensional surface that passes through the body |
| 40. | pleura | serous membrane that lines the pleural cavity and covers the lungs |
| 41. | positive feedback | mechanism that intensifies a change in the body's physiological condition in response to a stimulus |
| 42. | positron emission tomography (PET) | medical imaging technique in which radiopharmaceuticals are traced to reveal metabolic and physiological functions in tissues |
| 43. | posterior cavity | posterior body cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord; also referred to as dorsal cavity |
| 44. | posterior | describes the back or direction toward the back of the body; also referred to as dorsal |
| 45. | pressure | force exerted by a substance in contact with another substance |
| 46. | prone | face down |
| 47. | proximal | describes a position nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body |
| 48. | regional anatomy | study of the structures that contribute to specific body regions |
| 49. | renewal | process by which worn-out cells are replaced |
| 50. | reproduction | process by which new organisms are generated |
| 51. | responsiveness | ability of an organisms or a system to adjust to changes in conditions |
| 52. | sagittal plane | two-dimensional, vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides |
| 53. | section | in anatomy, a single flat surface of a three-dimensional structure that has been cut through |
| 54. | sensor | (also, receptor) reports a monitored physiological value to the control center |
| 55. | serosa | membrane that covers organs and reduces friction; also referred to as serous membrane |
| 56. | serous membrane | membrane that covers organs and reduces friction; also referred to as serosa |
| 57. | set point | ideal value for a physiological parameter; the level or small range within which a physiological parameter such as blood pressure is stable and optimally healthful, that is, within its parameters of homeostasis |
| 58. | spinal cavity | division of the dorsal cavity that houses the spinal cord; also referred to as vertebral cavity |
| 59. | superficial | describes a position nearer to the surface of the body |
| 60. | superior | describes a position above or higher than another part of the body proper; also referred to as cranial |
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