Card Set: Anatomy & Physiology: The Reproductive System

A&P Key Terms 27 The Reproductive System

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1. alveoli (of the breast) milk-secreting cells in the mammary gland
2. ampulla (of the uterine tube) middle portion of the uterine tube in which fertilization often occurs
3. antrum fluid-filled chamber that characterizes a mature tertiary (antral) follicle
4. areola highly pigmented, circular area surrounding the raised nipple and containing areolar glands that secrete fluid important for lubrication during suckling
5. Bartholin's glands (also, greater vestibular glands) glands that produce a thick mucus that maintains moisture in the vulva area; also referred to as the greater vestibular glands
6. blood-testis barrier tight junctions between Sertoli cells that prevent bloodborne pathogens from gaining access to later stages of spermatogenesis and prevent the potential for an autoimmune reaction to haploid sperm
7. body of uterus middle section of the uterus
8. broad ligament wide ligament that supports the uterus by attaching laterally to both sides of the uterus and pelvic wall
9. bulbourethral glands (also, Cowper's glands) glands that secrete a lubricating mucus that cleans and lubricates the urethra prior to and during ejaculation
10. cervix elongate inferior end of the uterus where it connects to the vagina
11. clitoris (also, glans clitoris) nerve-rich area of the vulva that contributes to sexual sensation during intercourse
12. corpus albicans nonfunctional structure remaining in the ovarian stroma following structural and functional regression of the corpus luteum
13. corpus cavernosum either of two columns of erectile tissue in the penis that fill with blood during an erection
14. corpus luteum transformed follicle after ovulation that secretes progesterone
15. corpus spongiosum (plural: corpora cavernosa) column of erectile tissue in the penis that fills with blood during an erection and surrounds the penile urethra on the ventral portion of the penis
16. ductus deferens (also, vas deferens) duct that transports sperm from the epididymis through the spermatic cord and into the ejaculatory duct; also referred as the vas deferens
17. ejaculatory duct duct that connects the ampulla of the ductus deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle at the prostatic urethra
18. endometrium inner lining of the uterus, part of which builds up during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and then sheds with menses
19. epididymis (plural: epididymides) coiled tubular structure in which sperm start to mature and are stored until ejaculation
20. fimbriae fingerlike projections on the distal uterine tubes
21. follicle ovarian structure of one oocyte and surrounding granulosa (and later theca) cells
22. folliculogenesis development of ovarian follicles from primordial to tertiary under the stimulation of gonadotropins
23. fundus (of the uterus) domed portion of the uterus that is superior to the uterine tubes
24. gamete haploid reproductive cell that contributes genetic material to form an offspring
25. glans penis bulbous end of the penis that contains a large number of nerve endings
26. gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) hormone released by the hypothalamus that regulates the production of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland
27. gonads reproductive organs (testes in men and ovaries in women) that produce gametes and reproductive hormones
28. granulosa cells supportive cells in the ovarian follicle that produce estrogen
29. hymen membrane that covers part of the opening of the vagina
30. infundibulum (of the uterine tube) wide, distal portion of the uterine tube terminating in fimbriae
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