|
| 31. | inorganic compound | substance that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen |
| 32. | ionic bond | attraction between an anion and a cation |
| 33. | ion | atom with an overall positive or negative charge |
| 34. | isotope | one of the variations of an element in which the number of neutrons differ from each other |
| 35. | kinetic energy | energy that matter possesses because of its motion |
| 36. | lipid | class of nonpolar organic compounds built from hydrocarbons and distinguished by the fact that they are not soluble in water |
| 37. | macromolecule | large molecule formed by covalent bonding |
| 38. | mass number | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| 39. | matter | physical substance; that which occupies space and has mass |
| 40. | molecule | two or more atoms covalently bonded together |
| 41. | monosaccharide | monomer of carbohydrate; also known as a simple sugar |
| 42. | neutron | heavy subatomic particle having no electrical charge and found in the atom's nucleus |
| 43. | nucleotide | class of organic compounds composed of one or more phosphate groups, a pentose sugar, and a base |
| 44. | organic compound | substance that contains both carbon and hydrogen |
| 45. | pH | negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution |
| 46. | peptide bond | covalent bond formed by dehydration synthesis between two amino acids |
| 47. | periodic table of the elements | arrangement of the elements in a table according to their atomic number; elements having similar properties because of their electron arrangements compose columns in the table, while elements having the same number of valence shells compose rows in the table |
| 48. | phospholipid | a lipid compound in which a phosphate group is combined with a diglyceride |
| 49. | phosphorylation | addition of one or more phosphate groups to an organic compound |
| 50. | polar molecule | molecule with regions that have opposite charges resulting from uneven numbers of electrons in the nuclei of the atoms participating in the covalent bond |
| 51. | polysaccharide | compound consisting of more than two carbohydrate monomers bonded by dehydration synthesis via glycosidic bonds |
| 52. | potential energy | stored energy matter possesses because of the positioning or structure of its components |
| 53. | product | one or more substances produced by a chemical reaction |
| 54. | prostaglandin | lipid compound derived from fatty acid chains and important in regulating several body processes |
| 55. | protein | class of organic compounds that are composed of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds |
| 56. | proton | heavy subatomic particle having a positive charge and found in the atom's nucleus |
| 57. | purine | nitrogen-containing base with a double ring structure; adenine and guanine |
| 58. | pyrimidine | nitrogen-containing base with a single ring structure; cytosine, thiamine, and uracil |
| 59. | radioactive isotope | unstable, heavy isotope that gives off subatomic particles, or electromagnetic energy, as it decays; also called radioisotopes |
| 60. | reactant | one or more substances that enter into the reaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|