|
| 61. | leukopenia | below-normal production of leukocytes |
| 62. | lymphocytes | agranular leukocytes of the lymphoid stem cell line, many of which function in specific immunity |
| 63. | lymphoid stem cells | type of hemopoietic stem cells that gives rise to lymphocytes, including various T cells, B cells, and NK cells, all of which function in immunity |
| 64. | lymphoma | form of cancer in which masses of malignant T and/or B lymphocytes collect in lymph nodes, the spleen, the liver, and other tissues |
| 65. | lysozyme | digestive enzyme with bactericidal properties |
| 66. | macrophage | phagocytic cell of the myeloid lineage; a matured monocyte |
| 67. | megakaryocyte | bone marrow cell that produces platelets |
| 68. | memory cell | type of B or T lymphocyte that forms after exposure to a pathogen |
| 69. | monocytes | agranular leukocytes of the myeloid stem cell line that circulate in the bloodstream; tissue monocytes are macrophages |
| 70. | myeloid stem cells | type of hemopoietic stem cell that gives rise to some formed elements, including erythrocytes, megakaryocytes that produce platelets, and a myeloblast lineage that gives rise to monocytes and three forms of granular leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) |
| 71. | natural killer (NK) cells | cytotoxic lymphocytes capable of recognizing cells that do not express "self" proteins on their plasma membrane or that contain foreign or abnormal markers; provide generalized, nonspecific immunity |
| 72. | neutrophils | granulocytes that stain with a neutral dye and are the most numerous of the leukocytes; especially active against bacteria |
| 73. | oxyhemoglobin | molecule of hemoglobin to which oxygen is bound |
| 74. | packed cell volume | (PCV) (also, hematocrit) volume percentage of erythrocytes present in a sample of centrifuged blood |
| 75. | plasma | in blood, the liquid extracellular matrix composed mostly of water that circulates the formed elements and dissolved materials throughout the cardiovascular system |
| 76. | plasmin | blood protein active in fibrinolysis |
| 77. | platelet plug | accumulation and adhesion of platelets at the site of blood vessel injury |
| 78. | platelets | (also, thrombocytes) one of the formed elements of blood that consists of cell fragments broken off from megakaryocytes |
| 79. | pluripotent stem cell | stem cell that derives from totipotent stem cells and is capable of differentiating into many, but not all, cell types |
| 80. | polycythemia | elevated level of hemoglobin, whether adaptive or pathological |
| 81. | polymorphonuclear | having a lobed nucleus, as seen in some leukocytes |
| 82. | positive chemotaxis | process in which a cell is attracted to move in the direction of chemical stimuli |
| 83. | Rh blood group | blood-type classification based on the presence or absence of the antigen Rh on the erythrocyte membrane surface |
| 84. | red blood cells | (RBCs) (also, erythrocytes) one of the formed elements of blood that transports oxygen |
| 85. | reticulocyte | immature erythrocyte that may still contain fragments of organelles |
| 86. | serum | blood plasma that does not contain clotting factors |
| 87. | sickle cell disease | (also, sickle cell anemia) inherited blood disorder in which hemoglobin molecules are malformed, leading to the breakdown of RBCs that take on a characteristic sickle shape |
| 88. | T lymphocytes | (also, T cells) lymphocytes that provide cellular-level immunity by physically attacking foreign or diseased cells |
| 89. | thalassemia | inherited blood disorder in which maturation of RBCs does not proceed normally, leading to abnormal formation of hemoglobin and the destruction of RBCs |
| 90. | thrombin | enzyme essential for the final steps in formation of a fibrin clot |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|