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| 1. | abduction | movement in the coronal plane that moves a limb laterally away from the body; spreading of the fingers |
| 2. | acetabular labrum | lip of fibrocartilage that surrounds outer margin of the acetabulum on the hip bone |
| 3. | adduction | movement in the coronal plane that moves a limb medially toward or across the midline of the body; bringing fingers together |
| 4. | amphiarthrosis | slightly mobile joint |
| 5. | annular ligament | intrinsic ligament of the elbow articular capsule that surrounds and supports the head of the radius at the proximal radioulnar joint |
| 6. | anterior cruciate ligament | intracapsular ligament of the knee; extends from anterior, superior surface of the tibia to the inner aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur; resists hyperextension of knee |
| 7. | anterior talofibular ligament | intrinsic ligament located on the lateral side of the ankle joint, between talus bone and lateral malleolus of fibula; supports talus at the talocrural joint and resists excess inversion of the foot |
| 8. | articular capsule | connective tissue structure that encloses the joint cavity of a synovial joint |
| 9. | articular cartilage | thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articulating surfaces of bones at a synovial joint |
| 10. | articular disc | meniscus; a fibrocartilage structure found between the bones of some synovial joints; provides padding or smooths movements between the bones; strongly unites the bones together |
| 11. | articulation | joint of the body |
| 12. | atlanto-occipital joint | articulation between the occipital condyles of the skull and the superior articular processes of the atlas (C1 vertebra) |
| 13. | atlantoaxial joint | series of three articulations between the atlas (C1) vertebra and the axis (C2) vertebra, consisting of the joints between the inferior articular processes of C1 and the superior articular processes of C2, and the articulation between the dens of C2 and the anterior arch of C1 |
| 14. | ball-and-socket joint | synovial joint formed between the spherical end of one bone (the ball) that fits into the depression of a second bone (the socket); found at the hip and shoulder joints; functionally classified as a multiaxial joint |
| 15. | biaxial joint | type of diarthrosis; a joint that allows for movements within two planes (two axes) |
| 16. | bursa | connective tissue sac containing lubricating fluid that prevents friction between adjacent structures, such as skin and bone, tendons and bone, or between muscles |
| 17. | calcaneofibular ligament | intrinsic ligament located on the lateral side of the ankle joint, between the calcaneus bone and lateral malleolus of the fibula; supports the talus bone at the ankle joint and resists excess inversion of the foot |
| 18. | cartilaginous joint | joint at which the bones are united by hyaline cartilage (synchondrosis) or fibrocartilage (symphysis) |
| 19. | circumduction | circular motion of the arm, thigh, hand, thumb, or finger that is produced by the sequential combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction |
| 20. | condyloid joint | synovial joint in which the shallow depression at the end of one bone receives a rounded end from a second bone or a rounded structure formed by two bones; found at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the fingers or the radiocarpal joint of the wrist; functionally classified as a biaxial joint |
| 21. | coracohumeral ligament | intrinsic ligament of the shoulder joint; runs from the coracoid process of the scapula to the anterior humerus |
| 22. | deltoid ligament | broad intrinsic ligament located on the medial side of the ankle joint; supports the talus at the talocrural joint and resists excess eversion of the foot |
| 23. | depression | downward (inferior) motion of the scapula or mandible |
| 24. | diarthrosis | freely mobile joint |
| 25. | dorsiflexion | movement at the ankle that brings the top of the foot toward the anterior leg |
| 26. | elbow joint | humeroulnar joint |
| 27. | elevation | upward (superior) motion of the scapula or mandible |
| 28. | eversion | foot movement involving the intertarsal joints of the foot in which the bottom of the foot is turned laterally, away from the midline |
| 29. | extension | movement in the sagittal plane that increases the angle of a joint (straightens the joint); motion involving posterior bending of the vertebral column or returning to the upright position from a flexed position |
| 30. | extrinsic ligament | ligament located outside of the articular capsule of a synovial joint |
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