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Preface  (Page 2/4)

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Coverage and scope

Astronomy was written, updated, and reviewed by a broad range of astronomers and astronomy educators in a strong community effort. It is designed to meet scope and sequence requirements of introductory astronomy courses nationwide.

  • Chapter 1: Science and the Universe: A Brief Tour
  • Chapter 2: Observing the Sky: The Birth of Astronomy
  • Chapter 3: Orbits and Gravity
  • Chapter 4: Earth, Moon, and Sky
  • Chapter 5: Radiation and Spectra
  • Chapter 6: Astronomical Instruments
  • Chapter 7: Other Worlds: An Introduction to the Solar System
  • Chapter 8: Earth as a Planet
  • Chapter 9: Cratered Worlds
  • Chapter 10: Earthlike Planets: Venus and Mars
  • Chapter 11: The Giant Planets
  • Chapter 12: Rings, Moons, and Pluto
  • Chapter 13: Comets and Asteroids: Debris of the Solar System
  • Chapter 14: Cosmic Samples and the Origin of the Solar System
  • Chapter 15: The Sun: A Garden-Variety Star
  • Chapter 16: The Sun: A Nuclear Powerhouse
  • Chapter 17: Analyzing Starlight
  • Chapter 18: The Stars: A Celestial Census
  • Chapter 19: Celestial Distances
  • Chapter 20: Between the Stars: Gas and Dust in Space
  • Chapter 21: The Birth of Stars and the Discovery of Planets outside the Solar System
  • Chapter 22: Stars from Adolescence to Old Age
  • Chapter 23: The Death of Stars
  • Chapter 24: Black Holes and Curved Spacetime
  • Chapter 25: The Milky Way Galaxy
  • Chapter 26: Galaxies
  • Chapter 27: Active Galaxies, Quasars, and Supermassive Black Holes
  • Chapter 28: The Evolution and Distribution of Galaxies
  • Chapter 29: The Big Bang
  • Chapter 30: Life in the Universe
  • Appendix A: How to Study for Your Introductory Astronomy Course
  • Appendix B: Astronomy Websites, Pictures, and Apps
  • Appendix C: Scientific Notation
  • Appendix D: Units Used in Science
  • Appendix E: Some Useful Constants for Astronomy
  • Appendix F: Physical and Orbital Data for the Planets
  • Appendix G: Selected Moons of the Planets
  • Appendix H: Upcoming Total Eclipses
  • Appendix I: The Nearest Stars, Brown Dwarfs, and White Dwarfs
  • Appendix J: The Brightest Twenty Stars
  • Appendix K: The Chemical Elements
  • Appendix L: The Constellations
  • Appendix M: Star Charts and Sky Event Resources

Currency and accuracy

Astronomy has information and images from the New Horizons exploration of Pluto, the discovery of gravitational waves, the Rosetta Mission to Comet C-G, and many other recent projects in astronomy. The discussion of exoplanets has been updated with recent information—indicating not just individual examples, but trends in what sorts of planets seem to be most common. Black holes receive their own chapter, and the role of supermassive black holes in active galaxies and galaxy evolution is clearly explained. Chapters have been reviewed by subject-matter experts for accuracy and currency.

Flexibility

Because there are many different ways to teach introductory astronomy, we have made the text as flexible as we could. Math examples are shown in separate sections throughout, so that you can leave out the math or require it as you deem best. Each section of a chapter treats a different aspect of the topic being covered; a number of sections could be omitted in shorter overview courses and can be included where you need more depth. And, as we have already discussed, you can customize the book in a variety of ways that have never been possible in traditional textbooks.

Questions & Answers

what does the ideal gas law states
Joy Reply
Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
Eunice Reply
what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
Haryormhidey Reply
how many start and codon
Esrael Reply
what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
WISDOM Reply
determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
WISDOM
Another formula for Acceleration
Belty Reply
a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
Adah
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
Nassze Reply
how do lnternal energy measures
Esrael
Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
JALLAH Reply
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
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Source:  OpenStax, Astronomy. OpenStax CNX. Apr 12, 2017 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11992/1.13
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