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5 x 2 2 x 8 , 2 x x 2 x 12

( x 4 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 )

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8 y 2 + 12 y + 35 , 3 y y 2 + y 42

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9 z 2 + 2 z 8 , 4 z z 2 4

( z 2 ) ( z + 4 ) ( z + 2 )

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6 a 2 + 14 a + 45 , 5 a a 2 81

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4 b 2 + 6 b + 9 , 2 b b 2 2 b 15

( b + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( b 5 )

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5 c 2 4 c + 4 , 3 c c 2 10 c + 16

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2 3 d 2 + 14 d 5 , 5 d 3 d 2 19 d + 6

( 3 d 1 ) ( d + 5 ) ( d 6 )

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3 5 m 2 3 m 2 , 6 m 5 m 2 + 17 m + 6

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In the following exercises, write as equivalent rational expressions with the given LCD.

5 x 2 2 x 8 , 2 x x 2 x 12
LCD ( x 4 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 )

5 x + 15 ( x 4 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ,
2 x 2 + 4 x ( x 4 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 )

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8 y 2 + 12 y + 35 , 3 y y 2 + y 42
LCD ( y + 7 ) ( y + 5 ) ( y 6 )

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9 z 2 + 2 z 8 , 4 z z 2 4
LCD ( z 2 ) ( z + 4 ) ( z + 2 )

9 z + 18 ( z 2 ) ( z + 4 ) ( z + 2 ) ,
4 z 2 + 16 ( z 2 ) ( z + 4 ) ( z + 2 )

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6 a 2 + 14 a + 45 , 5 a a 2 81
LCD ( a + 9 ) ( a + 5 ) ( a 9 )

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4 b 2 + 6 b + 9 , 2 b b 2 2 b 15
LCD ( b + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( b 5 )

4 b 20 ( b + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( b 5 ) ,
2 b 2 + 6 b ( b + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( b 5 )

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5 c 2 4 c + 4 , 3 c c 2 10 c + 10
LCD ( c 2 ) ( c 2 ) ( c 8 )

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2 3 d 2 + 14 d 5 , 5 d 3 d 2 19 d + 6
LCD ( 3 d 1 ) ( d + 5 ) ( d 6 )

2 d 12 ( 3 d 1 ) ( d + 5 ) ( d 6 ) ,
5 d 2 + 25 d ( 3 d 1 ) ( d + 5 ) ( d 6 )

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3 5 m 2 3 m 2 , 6 m 5 m 2 + 17 m + 6
LCD ( 5 m + 2 ) ( m 1 ) ( m + 3 )

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In the following exercises, add.

7 10 x 2 y + 4 15 x y 2

21 y + 8 x 30 x 2 y 2

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1 12 a 3 b 2 + 5 9 a 2 b 3

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1 2 m + 7 8 m 2 n

m n + 14 16 m 2 n

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3 r + 4 + 2 r 5

5 r 7 ( r + 4 ) ( r 5 )

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8 t + 5 + 6 t 5

14 t 10 ( t + 5 ) ( t 5 )

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5 3 w 2 + 2 w + 1

11 w + 1 ( 3 w 2 ) ( w + 1 )

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2 y y + 3 + 3 y 1

2 y 2 + y + 9 ( y + 3 ) ( y 1 )

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5 b a 2 b 2 a 2 + 2 b b 2 4

b ( 5 b + 10 + 2 a 2 ) a 2 ( b 2 ) ( b + 2 )

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4 c d + 3 c + 1 d 2 9

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2 m 3 m 3 + 5 m m 2 + 3 m 4

2 m 2 + 23 m 3 ( m 1 ) ( m + 4 )

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3 4 n + 4 + 6 n 2 n 2

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3 n 2 + 3 n 18 + 4 n n 2 + 8 n + 12

4 p 2 9 p + 6 ( p + 3 ) ( p + 6 ) ( p + 2 )

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6 q 2 3 q 10 + 5 q q 2 8 q + 15

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3 r r 2 + 7 r + 6 + 9 r 2 + 4 r + 3

3 ( r 2 + 6 r + 18 ) ( r + 1 ) ( r + 6 ) ( r + 3 )

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2 s s 2 + 2 s 8 + 4 s 2 + 3 s 10

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In the following exercises, subtract.

t t 6 t 2 t + 6

2 ( 7 t 6 ) ( t 6 ) ( t + 6 )

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v v 3 v 6 v + 1

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w + 2 w + 4 w w 2

−4 ( 1 + w ) ( w + 5 ) ( w 2 )

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x 3 x + 6 x x + 3

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y 4 y + 1 1 y + 7

2 ( y + 14 ) ( y + 1 ) ( y + 7 )

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z + 8 z 3 z z 2

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5 a a + 3 a + 2 a + 6

4 a 2 + 25 a 6 ( a + 3 ) ( a + 6 )

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3 b b 2 b 6 b 8

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6 c c 2 25 3 c + 5

3 c 5

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4 d d 2 81 2 d + 9

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6 m + 6 12 m m 2 36

−6 m 6

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4 n + 4 8 n n 2 16

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−9 p 17 p 2 4 p 21 p + 1 7 p

p + 2 p + 3

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7 q + 8 q 2 2 q 24 q + 2 4 q

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−2 r 16 r 2 + 6 r 16 5 2 r

3 r 2

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2 t 30 t 2 + 6 t 27 2 3 t

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5 v 2 v + 3 4

v 14 v + 3

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2 x + 7 10 x 1 + 3

4 ( 8 x + 1 ) 10 x 1

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In the following exercises, add and subtract.

5 a a 2 + 9 a 2 a + 18 a 2 2 a

5 a 2 + 7 a 36 a ( a 2 )

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2 b b 5 + 3 2 b 2 b 15 2 b 2 10 b

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c c + 2 + 5 c 2 11 c c 2 4

c 5 c + 2

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6 d d 5 + 1 d + 4 7 d 5 d 2 d 20

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In the following exercises, simplify.

6 a 3 a b + b 2 + 3 a 9 a 2 b 2

3 a ( 6 a b ) b ( 3 a + b ) ( 3 a b )

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2 c 2 c + 10 + 7 c c 2 + 9 c + 20

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6 d d 2 64 3 d 8

3 d + 8

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5 n + 7 10 n n 2 49

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4 m m 2 + 6 m 7 + 2 m 2 + 10 m + 21

4 m 2 + 14 m 1 ( m + 7 ) ( m 1 ) ( m + 3 )

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3 p p 2 + 4 p 12 + 1 p 2 + p 30

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−5 n 5 n 2 + n 6 + n + 1 2 n

n + 1 n + 3

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−4 b 24 b 2 + b 30 + b + 7 5 b

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7 15 p + 5 18 p q

7 q + 5 90 p q

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4 x 2 + 3 x + 5

7 ( x + 2 ) ( x 2 ) ( x + 5 )

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2 q + 7 y + 4 2

17 q + 2 3 q 1

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z + 2 z 5 z z + 1

8 z + 2 ( z 5 ) ( z + 1 )

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t t 5 t 1 t + 5

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3 d d + 2 + 4 d d + 8 d 2 + 2 d

3 ( d + 1 ) d + 2

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2 q q + 5 + 3 q 3 13 q + 15 q 2 + 2 q 15

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Everyday math

Decorating cupcakes Victoria can decorate an order of cupcakes for a wedding in t hours, so in 1 hour she can decorate 1 t of the cupcakes. It would take her sister 3 hours longer to decorate the same order of cupcakes, so in 1 hour she can decorate 1 t + 3 of the cupcakes.

  1. Find the fraction of the decorating job that Victoria and her sister, working together, would complete in one hour by adding the rational expressions 1 t + 1 t + 3 .
  2. Evaluate your answer to part (a) when t = 5 .

2 t + 3 t ( t + 3 )
13 40

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Kayaking When Trina kayaks upriver, it takes her 5 3 c hours to go 5 miles, where c is the speed of the river current. It takes her 5 3 + c hours to kayak 5 miles down the river.

  1. Find an expression for the number of hours it would take Trina to kayak 5 miles up the river and then return by adding 5 3 c + 5 3 + c .
  2. Evaluate your answer to part (a) when c = 1 to find the number of hours it would take Trina if the speed of the river current is 1 mile per hour.
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Writing exercises

Felipe thinks 1 x + 1 y is 2 x + y .

  1. Choose numerical values for x and y and evaluate 1 x + 1 y .
  2. Evaluate 2 x + y for the same values of x and y you used in part (a).
  3. Explain why Felipe is wrong.
  4. Find the correct expression for 1 x + 1 y .

Answers may vary.

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Simplify the expression 4 n 2 + 6 n + 9 1 n 2 9 and explain all your steps.

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Self check

After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.

This is a table that has five rows and four columns. In the first row, which is a header row, the cells read from left to right “I can…,” “Confidently,” “With some help,” and “No-I don’t get it!” The first column below “I can…” reads “find the least common denominator of rational expressions,” “find equivalent rational expressions,” “add rational expressions with different denominators,” and “subtract rational expressions with different denominators.” The rest of the cells are blank.

On a scale of 1-10, how would you rate your mastery of this section in light of your responses on the checklist? How can you improve this?

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
what is titration
John Reply
what is physics
Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
what is the dimension formula of energy?
David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
what is inorganic
emma Reply
what is chemistry
Youesf Reply
what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
Krampah Reply
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
Sahid Reply
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
what's motion
Maurice Reply
what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
Magreth
hello friend how are you
Muhammad Reply
fine, how about you?
Mohammed
hi
Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. Jan 18, 2017 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col12116/1.2
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